Different Approaches To Counselling Set 1
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This set of Different Approaches to Counselling Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on Different Approaches To Counselling Set 1
Q1 | The ego’s need for immediate gratification is known as the ____________.
- pleasure principle
- defense mechanism
- anxiety
- introversion
Q2 | _____________of behaviour is accomplished by rewarding successiveapproximations of the desired behaviour.
- shaping
- modeling
- counter conditioning
- token economy
Q3 | An individual who has achieved ___________ is happy, autonomous, and creative.
- constructive alternativism
- libido
- self-actualization
- reinforcement
Q4 | According to Rogers, _____________ from parents is necessary for childrento develop healthy self- concepts.
- self-actualization
- contextual world view
- unconditional positive regard
- consequences
Q5 | A method of learning that involves the conditioning of new stimuli toexisting responses is________________
- counter conditioning
- extinction
- modeling
- classical conditioning
Q6 | In behaviour modification, use continuous______________.
- shaping
- consequences
- extinction
- reinforcement
Q7 | Freud believed that human behaviour is primarily motivated by thepsychosexual energy he called__________________.
- ego
- libido
- commitment
- none
Q8 | The unpleasantness of ______________ motivates individuals to avoid orreduce inconsistencies in cognitive structure.
- life space
- cognitive dissonance
- self-actualization
- traits
Q9 | A counselor might use systematic desensitization to help reduce the________________ experienced by an agoraphobic client.
- anxiety
- depression
- psychosis
- mania
Q10 | In Jung’s theory, _____________________is the tendency towardsubjective functioning, with the self being of greatest importance
- introversion
- extraversion
- extinction
- shaping
Q11 | Behaviour modification programs in schools or group homes often use___________________ to motivate participants.
- shaping
- token economy
- modeling
- conditioning
Q12 | Through ________________________________undesirable behaviourmay be eliminated.
- counter conditioning
- extinction
- modeling
- reinforcement
Q13 | Social learning theory uses the concept of modeling to explain some aspect of human behavior. The concept that best explains how modelingworks within this theory is
- primary reinforcement
- secondary reinforcement
- vicarious reinforcement
- intermittent reinforcement
Q14 | Counselors who follow Maslow’s theory believe people’s behaviors aredirected by
- oral gratification
- pleasure principle
- pleasing others
- need gratification
Q15 | Motivation and reinforcement may come from within a person or from sources external to the person. According to Rotter, people’s behaviour is determined by their belief that reinforcements are either internally orexternally controlled. This concept is called
- locus of control
- reinforcement contingency
- goal orientation
- expectancy level
Q16 | A client who reverts to old behaviour patterns is said to be
- projecting
- compensating
- actualizing
- regressing
Q17 | As a counselor in a community mental health centre, you receive a paycheck every other Friday. This is an example of which reinforcement schedule?
- variable interval
- fixed interval
- variable ratio
- fixed ratio
Q18 | Jung’s work forms the basis for many personality concepts of interesttoday. Among these are
- introversion-extroversion
- collective unconscious
- individuation
- all the above
Q19 | In adult development, mid-life is characterized by
- androgyny
- decline in intellectual functioning
- a sense of time running out
- peer pressure
Q20 | Piaget identifies four major stages of child development. Which of thefollowing refers to the period during which the child develops the abilities to classify and seriate objects and to maintain relationships between objects despite their physical manipulation?
- formal operations
- concrete operations
- preoperational
- sesorimotor
Q21 | Which of the following describes Roger’s view of humanity?
- people are rational
- people are irresponsible
- people are inherently go
- d) people are externally controlled
Q22 | According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development,
- most fail to go beyond the conventional level
- moral development precedes logical development
- structure and content are synonymous
- society’s rules are superior to personal ethics
Q23 | Festinger is known for the concept of cognitive dissonance, He believesindividuals
- cannot accept differences of opinion
- tend to change their attitudes irrationally
- seek consistency in cognitive structure
- reject discrepancies between the real and ideal
Q24 | The first theorist to acknowledge continued development duringadulthood was
- jung
- adler
- piaget
- loevinger
Q25 | A childhood disturbance characterized, by withdrawal, a blurred sense of self, and obsessive self-stimulation (head banging, rocking, and so on)is known as
- infantile dementia
- hyperkinesis
- retardation
- autism