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This set of Digestion Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on Digestion Set 4

Q1 | Which of the following statements is correct?:
  • The gastric juice contains pepsins,gelatinase,lipase and α-amylase enzymes.
  • The only essential constituent of the gastric juice is the intrinsic factor.
  • The hunger contractions disappear after bilateral vagotomy or damage of the feeding center in the hypothalamus.
  • HCL is essential for both carbohydrate and fat digestion.
Q2 | Which of the following is the major factor that protects the duodenal mucosa from the damage by gastric acid?:
  • Pancreatic bicarbonate secretions.
  • The endogenous mucosal barrier of the duodenum.
  • Duodenal bicarbonate secretion,
  • Hepatic bicarbonate secretion.
Q3 | Which of the following substances is released from the duodenal mucosa in response to acidic gastric juice?:
  • CCK
  • Substance P
  • Secretin
  • GIP
Q4 | A 42years old salesman presents with the chief complaint of intermittent midepigastric pain that is relieved by antacids or eating. Gatric analysis reveals that basal and maximal acid output exceed normal values. The gastric hypersecretion can be explained by an increase in the plasma concentration of which of the following?:
  • Somatostatin
  • Histamine
  • Gastrin
  • Secretin
Q5 | Removal of the stomach can lead to all of the following except:
  • Marked digestive disturbances
  • Megaloblastic anaemia (pernicious anaemia)
  • A fall in the plasma volume after a heavy meal (due to the dumping syndrome)
  • Diminished Ca⁺⁺ absorption and weak development of bones
Q6 | HCl secretion includes all the following processes except:
  • Active transport of H⁺ into gastric lumen
  • H⁺ is exchanged for K⁺ from the extracellular fluid
  • HCO₃⁻ diffuse into the extracellular fluid in exchange for Cl⁻
  • It’s associated with production of a postprandial alkaline tide
Q7 | The gastric juice has all the following characteristics except:
  • It contains an alkaline secretion from the surface epithelium
  • It’s PH is always less than 3
  • It contains the intrinsic factor which is essential for vit.B₁₂ absorption
  • It’s antibacterial action is produced by its mucous content
Q8 | Gastric secretion is inhibited by all the following except:
  • Presence of excess H⁺ in the pyloric antrum
  • Presence of excess protein digestive products in the stomach
  • Certain emotions e.g. fear and depression
  • Certain GIT hormones e.g. secretin,CCK and VIP
Q9 | Concerning HCl secretion, all the following is true except:
  • It’s associated with increased PH of the gastric venous blood
  • It’s stimulated by gastrin, acetylcholine,histamine and norepinephiren
  • The energy required is derived from ATP breakdown
  • It involves formation of carbonic acid
Q10 | All the following statements are true except:
  • VIP stimulates intestinal secretion and inhibits gastric acid secretions
  • Diamox (a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor) increases both gastric HCL formation and the HCO₃⁻ content in the pancreatic juice
  • Both gastrin and glucagons are secreted from the pyloric antrum and duodenum
  • Gastrin is secreted from almost the whole GIT mucosa
Q11 | Which of the following statement is wrong?:
  • The gastric peristalsis includes propulsive,mixing and grinding movements
  • The cephalic phase of gastric secretion involves no release of gastrin.
  • Deficiency of the intrinsic factor causes pernicious anaemia.
  • Large doses of gastrin cause contraction of the pyloric sphincter.
Q12 | The following statements about gastric secretion are correct except:
  • Gastric secretion increases when a hungry person thinks about food
  • Gastric secretion helps vit.B₁₂ absorption
  • Production of HCl depends on activity of carbonic anhydrase
  • Gastric secretion is associated with increased H⁺ concentrarion in venous blood coming from stomach
Q13 | hich of the following statements about gastric secretion is incorrect:
  • Gastric acid secretion can be inhibited by somatostatin
  • The main phase of gastric secretion is the gastric phase
  • Gastric secretion increases in response to the presence of food in mouth after the vagi to stomach have been cut
  • none
Q14 | A 55 years old man with a history of chronic alcohol consumption presents to his local physician with non specific complaints of dyspepsia. Examination and diagnostic testing reveal that he has destruction of the gastric glands. The condition would predispose the patient to which of the following?:
  • Steatorrhea
  • Gastric hypomotility
  • Gastric ulcer
  • Anaemia
Q15 | Which of the following statement about motor function of stomachis untrue?:
  • The frequency of gastric peristaltic contraction is about 3/min
  • Fasting hypoglycemia produces hunger contractions
  • The enterogastric reflex stimulates gastric emptying
  • none
Q16 | Which of the following statement about motor function of stomach is untrue?:
  • Motility of stomach increases when fat enters duodenum
  • MMC prevents duodenogastric reflex
  • Receptive relaxation of stomach is mediated by purinergic vagal fibers
  • non
Q17 | Vomiting:
  • occur only in a denervated stomach
  • Occurs by strong contraction of the stomach wall
  • May be produced by conditioned reflex
  • occur only in an empty stomach
Q18 | Vomiting:
  • Leads to expulsion of gastric contetnts by violent rhythmic contractions of gut smooth ms.
  • Is coordinated by a mid-brain vomiting center
  • Of green fluid suggests that duodenal contents have regurgitated into the stomach
  • May be accompanied by a fall in arterial blood pressure
Q19 | The so-called chemoreceptor trigger zone:
  • Is synonymous with the vomiting center
  • Is located in the cerebral peduncles, ventral to the Aqueduct of Sylvius
  • Is sensitive to the action of morphine
  • May be destroyed experimentally ; the ablation of both chemoreceptor trigger zones abolishes all forms of vomiting
Q20 | As regards the process of vomiting:
  • Its is controlled by a center in the cerebral cortex
  • It always begins with nausea
  • Prolonged vomiting usually produces dehydration associated with acidosis
  • It’s associated with relaxation of the body and fundus of the stomach
Q21 | A pyloric obstruction in an infant which results in a prolonged bout of sever vomiting is likely to cause a primary:
  • Metabolic acidosis
  • Metabolic alkalosis
  • Respiratory acidosis
  • Respiratory alkalosis
Q22 | An obstruction of the small bowel leading to sever vomiting with a preponderant loss of duodenal contents is likely to cause a primary:
  • Metabolic acidosis
  • Metabolis alkalosis
  • Respiratory acidosis
  • Respiratory alkalosis
Q23 | A likely reason why a to and fro motion, such as that encountered during airplane flights or in an automobile ride over a bumpy road, tends to cause nausea and vomiting, is because during such motions:
  • Much air is swallowed and the stomach becomes distended
  • The stomach is more likely to develop reverse peristalsis
  • The cerebral cortex can no longer inhibit an intrinsic tendency of the brainstem to cause vomiting
  • Vestibular reflex eventually excite a chemoreceptor trigger zone in the medulla
Q24 | Select a single incorrect answer about vomiting:
  • Vomiting center is in hypothalamus
  • The role of stomach is passive in the process of vomiting
  • Vomiting may occur as a conditioned reflex
  • none
Q25 | Trypsinogen in pancreatic juice is activated by:
  • Alkaline PH
  • Enterokinase
  • Bile salts
  • none