Afterword
This is a short conclusion to a book usually written by someone other than the author.
Argument
This involves one or more reasons presented by a speaker or a writer to lead the audience or reader to a logical conclusion.
Argument
The logical, systematic presentation of reasoning and supporting evidence that proves the validity of a statement or position.
Author's Purpose
This is the reason for creating written work.
Bibliography
This is a list of written works or other sources on a particular subject.
Bold Print
This is done to part of a text to makes it stand out as a darker, sharper image. It is an organizational feature to locate specific information.
Caption
This is the explanation that goes with a picture or illustration.
Cause And Effect
This is the relationship between two or more events in which one event brings about another.
Central Argument
This is the dominant and controlling argument.
Central Idea
The key point made in a written passage; the chief topic.
Central Message
This is the theme of a story, novel, poem, or drama that readers can apply to life.
Chart
A type of diagram that represents large amounts of information graphically to make it more understandable.
Chronological Order
This is the arrangement of events in the order in which they occur.
Climax
This is the part of the plot where the conflict and tension reach a peak.
Compare And Contrast
This is a method of relating two or more objects in a piece of work.
Constructed Response
This is a type of writing assignment given on the HSAP test that requires students to "build" or respond to a reading passage. The response must give specific and relevant examples from the passage. This type of writing uses a 3-point scoring rubric.
Content
the subject matter or material pertaining to a particular area of study or the essential components of a work
Controlling Idea
the author's opinion or the perspective he/she wants to convey expressed through the thesis statement for an essay, or through a topic sentence within an individual paragraph
Denouement
This is part of the plot and is made up of any events that occur after the resolution in a literary work.
Detail
This is a piece of information that is used to support a main idea.
Diagram
A general term for an illustration or visual representation of information. Types of these can include tables and graphs.
Directions
These are the instructions that tell how to do something.
Evaluate
This is placing a value or rank on a piece of writing or speaking.
Exposition
This is the part of the plot that introduces the characters, the setting, and the basic situation.
Expository Text
This presents information, explains, or informs.
Expository Text
This is a mode of writing whose purpose is to convey information or to explain and establish the validity of an idea in a logical, clear, and concrete manner.
First-person Point Of View
This is a point of view in which the story is told by one of the characters.
Footnote
This is a reference, explanation, or comment placed below the text on a printed page.
Foreword
This is a short introduction to a book, usually written by someone other than the author.
Foreword
This is a short, separated introduction to a book, usually written by the author.
Glossary
This is a list found in the back of a book that gives definitions of unusual or hard words found in the text.
Graphic Adj.
-Depicted or represented with pictures or images. Noun- A picture, image or visual representation of information or an idea.
Graphic Organizer
This is a pictorial way of representing knowledge. It is used to help organize ideas and present information.
Graphic Source
This is a visual piece of information.
Heading
This is a title or subtitle at the beginning of a chapter, section, or unit of a text.
Illustration
A drawing, painting, photograph or other visual representation made for explaining information or furthering understanding of an idea.
Implicit Directions
Directions that are clearly stated step-by-step within a passage.
Implied Meaning
This is a suggested, but not stated, definition.
Index
This is an alphabetical list of items contained in a printed work. It is located in the back of the printed work and gives page numbers where items may be found in the work.
Index
This is an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with the page numbers where the topics or names are discussed.
Infer
This is to get a conclusion from the facts or context; to figure out what is being implied by reading between the lines.
Inference
This is reading between the lines. It is taking something that you read and putting it together with something that you already know to make sense of what you read.
Informational Text
This is a type of real-world writing that presents information that is necessary or valuable to the reader.
Introduction
This is the beginning of a written work that explains what will be found in the main part.
Limited View
This is a point of view, in which the narrator is outside the story, reveals the thoughts of only one character, and yet refers to that characters as 'he' or 'she'.
Logic
This is the reasoning used to reach a conclusion based on a set of assumptions, or it may be defined as the science of reasoning, proof, thinking, or inference.
Main Idea
This is the central and most important idea of a reading passage.
Map
This is a drawing or picture that shows features of an area or particular part of the earth's surface.
Narrative Text
This tells the events and actions of a story.
Omniscient
Third Person __________" is a point of view in which the narrator is outside the story and knows everything about the characters and events.
Order Of Importance
This is used when details are organized by degree of impact.
Organization
In writing, this is the trait of order, structure and presentation of information; It is the writing trait which measures logical sequencing of ideas, details, or events.
Paraphrase
This is the restatement of a written work in one's own words that keeps the basic meaning of the original work.
Perspective
This is a writer's point of view about a particular subject, and is often influenced by their beliefs or by events in their lives.
Plot
This is the series of events that happen in a literary work.
Point Of View
This is the perspective from which a story is told.
Preface
This is a short introduction to a novel, play, or long poem usually written by the author. It states the subject and/or purpose of the selection and gives background details.
Presentation
This is a prepared performance, report, or demonstration for an audience.
Prewriting
This the first stage in the writing process, used to focus ideas and find good topics.
Problem-Solution
This method of structuring text focuses on defining an issue, then gives a possible remedy for the issue.
Purpose
This is an author's intention, reason, or drive for writing the piece.
Reflective Writing
This type of writing style is characterized by deep, thoughtful insights.
Relevant
This is an adjective that implies a thing closely relates to or is on the same subject matter; appropriate to the situation.
Resolution
This is the part of the plot where the conflict is ended.
Rising Action
This is the part of the plot where the conflict and suspense build.
Schematic Diagram
This is a drawing, sketch, plan, or chart that makes something easier to understand through visual representation.
Sequence
This is the order in which things happen.
Sequential Order
This is the chronological, or time, order of events in a reading passage.
Sidebar
This is a short piece of informative or descriptive material found next to a larger piece of writing, usually it is found in a box next to the main article.
Spatial Order
This is used when details are organized from one location to another.
Subheading
This is a short title within an article that identifies the beginning of each new topic.
Subject
This is always a person, place, thing, or idea, that the sentence is about.
Summarize
This is to state briefly.
Support
to strengthen or substantiate an argument or idea by providing facts, details, examples and other information
Supporting Evidence
These are the facts or details that back up a main idea, theme, or thesis.
Supporting Sentence
This in a paragraph helps to clarify, describe, explain, or enhance the main idea of a paragraph.
Synthesize
This is to collect information on a topic and summarize, analyze or interpret it.
Table
A diagram made to visually organize data in rows and columns.
Table Of Contents
This is a section found at the beginning of a text that lists the topics and page numbers in the order in which they occur in the text.
Technical Writing
This is writing that communicates specific information about a particular subject, craft, or occupation.
Text
This is the main body of a piece of writing or any of the various forms in which writing exists, such as a book, a poem, an article, or a short story.
Text Features
These are common parts of nonfiction texts and are often used to design and organize pages. They help readers navigate the information and make predictions about what will be read.
Theme
This is the message, usually about life or society, that an author wishes to convey through a literary work.
Thesis
In expository writing, this is the main point or central idea that a writer states and then endeavors to prove valid by means of a systematic argument.
Third Person Limited Point Of View
This is a point of view in which the narrator is outside the story and reveals the thoughts of only one character, who is referred to as "he" or "she.
Timeline
This is a representation of a sequence of events.
Title
This is a group of words which give the reader's first impression and set the tone for the writing.
Tone
This is the attitude that an author takes toward the audience, the subject, or a character.
Topic
This is the specific part of a subject that is dealt with in a research paper or in an essay.
Transitional Device
These are connecting words used to link your sentences and paragraphs together smoothly.
Universal Theme
This is the central message of a story, poem, novel, or play that many readers can apply to their own experiences, or to those of all people.
Viewpoint
This is an expression of an opinion or standpoint.