Binomial Nomenclature
A system of naming for species genus and species are underlined or italicized
Taxonomic Hierarchy
A hieararcy of order and organization for species relatedness. Ranking system of relatedness.
Phylum
Order
Class
Family
Genus
Species
5 kingdoms
plantae, protista, animalia,Archaea, Eukarya, Fungi
3 Domains
Bacteria, Archae, Eukarya
phylogenetics
Is the evolutionary history of a certain species showing the evolutionary relationships among genes, populations, species, or higher taxa.
Monophyletic Group
An evolutionary unit that contains the ancestors and all of its descendants in the population.
Paraphyletic Group
A group that includes an ancestral population and only some of its descendants but not all.
Homology
occurs when traits are similar due to shared ancestry
homoplasy
traits are similar for other reasons than common ancestry
Convergent Evolution
Is the independent evolution of similar traits in distantly related organisms due to adaptations in similar environments and lifestyles.
species
An evolutionary independent group where genetic drift, mutation, natural selection may occur on it.
Constitutive
Present permanintly within the prey, regardless
Inducible defense mechanisms
Defense mechanisms that are a result of predator pressure
Plant Defenses
Mechanical:
Tough Epidermis
Entanglement Devices: Thick Waxy Cuticle And Plant Hair On Leaves And Stems
Piercing Devices:
Polymers Within Tissue: Can suggest prevention of Herbivory b/c they are indigestible. Cellulose and Lignin are indegstible
Phenolics( tannins and flavanoids)
terpenes(Mints and Citrus) May cause dermitis and blocks ion transmission across membranes.
Alkaloids(Morphine,Cocaine,codeine)- May block Ion channels in brain
These are all secondary metabololites that are from spices that we use for cooking.
Phenolics
Phenolics: May reduce protein digestion, slow growth and block cell division.
Terpenes
Blocks ion transmission across cell membranes and may cause dermititis
Alkaloids
May block ion channels in brain
Niche Partitioning
An evolutionary change in resource use over time. This is because evolutionarily the two species that are competing have a -/- relationship therefore having less niche overlap increases survival and fitness. So they use different resources than counterpar
niche segregation
...
I sub x
Survivorship
n sub x
amount in a particular age class
x
...
D sub x
The proportion of original cohort dying during each stage
Cohort
A group of species at a certain time
Binomial Nomenclature
A system of naming for species genus and species are underlined or italicized
Taxonomic Hierarchy
A hieararcy of order and organization for species relatedness. Ranking system of relatedness.
Phylum
Order
Class
Family
Genus
Species
5 kingdoms
plantae, protista, animalia,Archaea, Eukarya, Fungi
3 Domains
Bacteria, Archae, Eukarya
phylogenetics
Is the evolutionary history of a certain species showing the evolutionary relationships among genes, populations, species, or higher taxa.
Monophyletic Group
An evolutionary unit that contains the ancestors and all of its descendants in the population.
Paraphyletic Group
A group that includes an ancestral population and only some of its descendants but not all.
Homology
occurs when traits are similar due to shared ancestry
homoplasy
traits are similar for other reasons than common ancestry
Convergent Evolution
Is the independent evolution of similar traits in distantly related organisms due to adaptations in similar environments and lifestyles.
species
An evolutionary independent group where genetic drift, mutation, natural selection may occur on it.
Constitutive
Present permanintly within the prey, regardless
Inducible defense mechanisms
Defense mechanisms that are a result of predator pressure
Plant Defenses
Mechanical:
Tough Epidermis
Entanglement Devices: Thick Waxy Cuticle And Plant Hair On Leaves And Stems
Piercing Devices:
Polymers Within Tissue: Can suggest prevention of Herbivory b/c they are indigestible. Cellulose and Lignin are indegstible
Phenolics( tannins and flavanoids)
terpenes(Mints and Citrus) May cause dermitis and blocks ion transmission across membranes.
Alkaloids(Morphine,Cocaine,codeine)- May block Ion channels in brain
These are all secondary metabololites that are from spices that we use for cooking.
Phenolics
Phenolics: May reduce protein digestion, slow growth and block cell division.
Terpenes
Blocks ion transmission across cell membranes and may cause dermititis
Alkaloids
May block ion channels in brain
Niche Partitioning
An evolutionary change in resource use over time. This is because evolutionarily the two species that are competing have a -/- relationship therefore having less niche overlap increases survival and fitness. So they use different resources than counterpar
niche segregation
...
I sub x
Survivorship
n sub x
amount in a particular age class
x
...
D sub x
The proportion of original cohort dying during each stage
Cohort
A group of species at a certain time