evolution test- ridgway

What year did Charles Darwin study the Galapagos

1835

What Island has millions of seabirds

Henovesa

What was the name of the ship Charles Darwin came on

Beagle

How many different types of Finches

13

What does Galapagos mean?

Island of the Tortoise

What are the Galapagos?

Dozens of islands on the equator west of South America

Does natural selection make changes in individuals and populations?

Populations

Fitness

Amount of offspring you've had

major misconception of natural selection

That animals get to pick and choose what they want or need.

relative dating

Uses the rock layers to find the approximate age of a fossil

absolute dating

measures carbon 14 amount ina fossil and plugs it into an equation to find the exact age of the fossil.

five areas of science that have evidence for evolution

Paleontology, biogeography, developmental biology, morphology and genetics

why is carbon-14 important

Its how paleontologist find out exactly how old a fossil is.

embryology

scientist compare how similar the embryos are and the little differences between the vertebrates.

homologous structure

body parts that are similar in both structure and function.

morphology

comparing anatomy/body parts.

what language do scientist use to classify organisms by name

Latin

Two parts of a scientific name

Genus and species

taxonomy

process of classifying and naming organisms

scientist use what to categorize species relationships

physical traits

list of kingdoms

archeabacteria, eubacteria, protist, plants , animals and fungi.

carl linnaeus

Came up with the two part name classification system.

hierarchical system order

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species.

most strict level of classification

Species

list of classes

amphibians, birds, mammals, reptiles and fish

When the BLANK made landfall nearly BLANK years ago, Hawaii was a slumbering Eden.

Polynesians and 2,000

How far down in the ocean did the volcanic eruptions take place that eventually formed the Hawaiian Islands?

3 miles

How far away are the hawaiian islands from the nearest continent?

2,000 miles

How often did a plant or animal find it's way to the islands and establish itself?

once every 50,000 years

A single plant of animal could be the starting point for spectacular new BLANK.

species

Hawaii was settled around when

300 A.D.

Hawaii's most important crop

Taro

When was Hawaii discovered by Europeans?

1778

What did the Europeans bring to Hawaii that changed the landscape and crowded out the native plants and animals?

Domestic animals

Four things typical of Hawaii that are alien, brought there by humans

Sugar Cane, pineapple, parrots and coconut palms

Nearly BLANK of all native hawaiian birds have disappeared forever

70%

How many miles high is Mauna Kea (tallest mountain)

6

Hawaii contains BLANK of all the US endangered species.

1/4

Iwa

Thief

What organization is in charge of protecting these scattered islands?

U.S. Fish and wildlife services.

Every living thing we destroy or allow to vanish takes the entire planet a step closer to BLANK

extinction

Charles Darwins book

On the Origin of Species

Name of the ship Charles Darwin was on

Beagle

types of adaption

Camouflage
Mimicry
Antimicrobial resistance

mimicry

a species tries to look like another species

Mechanisms of Evolution

Natural Selection
Genetic drift
Gene flow
Nonrandom Mating
Mutation

overpowering recessive alleles founders

English mathematician, Godfrey Hardy, and German physician, Wilhelm Weinberg

classification

the grouping of objects or organisms based on a set of criteria

aristotle's system of classification

-2 groups; plants and animals
-bloodless and red-blooded
-then grouped into habitats&morphology

linnaeus's system of classification

-broader than aristotle's
-1st formal taxonomic organization

binomial nomenclature

a 2 part specific name. 1st part=genus, 2nd part=species, often in greek or latin

taxon

named group of organisms

genus

a group of species that are closely related and share a common ancestor

order of classification

kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

cladistics

common system of classification today

cloadogram

a branching diagram that represents the proposed phylogeny or evolutionary history of a species or group