_____ is an agent capable of killing all microogranisms
sterilant
a piece of equipment used in sterilization by means of hot formaldehyde vapors under pressure
autoclave
instruments that come in contact with oral tissues but do not penetrate soft tissue or bone are identified as _____
semicritical instruments
a piece of equipment used for sterilization by means of heated air is the _____
dry-heat sterilizer
______ is a resistant, dormant structure that is formed inside of some bacteria and can withstand adverse conditions
an endosphere
the instrument classifications used to determine the method of sterilization
critial, semicritial, noncritical
the basic rule of the workflow pattern in an instrument-processing area is ____
single-loop
how are instruments precleaned?
by hand scrubbing, by ultrasonic cleaning, with a thermal washer/disinfector
works by sound waves
ultrasonic cleaner
rusting of instruments can be prevented by ____
lubrication
pins, staples, or paper clips are not used on the instrument packaging because they will
cause holes in the packaging
where do you place a process indicator?
outside of the package
_____ do not assure that an item is sterile
multiparameter indicators
inproper contact of sterilizing agent, improper temperature, overloading the sterilizer causes ____
sterilization faliures
what is the primary disadvantage of "flash" sterilization?
inability to wrap items
an example of dry heat sterilization is
static air
how do you prepare a high speed handpiece sterilization?
flush water through it
what type of heat sterilization is appropriate for high soeed handpieces?
steam ans chemical vapor
a _____ is an involuntary muscular contraction
convulsion
is a redness that is most likely caused by inflammation or infection
erythema
rapid onset of a symptom is acute
acute
an ____ can trigger an allergic state
allergen
a persons particular way or manner of moving by foot
gait
_____ are the immunoglobulins produced by lymphoid tissue in response to a foreign substance
antibodies
a substance that is introduced into the body to stimulate the production of an antibody is an
antigen
an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood is the condition of
hypoglycemia
a _____ occurs when an area of heart tissue undergoes nercosis as a result of obstruction of blood supply
myocardial infraction
when a patient is breathing abnormally fast or deep
hyperventilating
the time from induction of an anesthetic to its complete reversal is its ____
duration
_____ is determining the exact amount of drug used to achieve a desired level of sedation
titration
something that is ___ will have openings to allow gas or fluid to pass through
porous
the time from injection to the effective anesthesia is the _____
induction
a stage in which the preception of pain is dulled without producing unconsciousness
analgesia
____ are used in dentisty for numbing surface tissue
topical anesthetics
____ are injected near a nerve to create a numbing effect
local anestheic
___ is added to a local anesthetic to prolong its effect
epinephrine
numbness that lasts longer than normal
paresthesia
level or stage of anesthesia when a patient is he or she is relaxed and fully consious
analgesia