Frontal bone
The Frontal bone forms the forehead, part of the floor of the cranium and most of the roof of the orbits of the eyes
Temporal Bone
Form the sides and the base of the cranium. Each encloses an ear. Bears the glenoid fossa for articulation with the manible
Occipital Bone
forms the back and the base of the cranium.
Sphenoid
This bone consists of a central portion or body, which is situated in the middle of the base of the skull, and pairs of greater or lesser wings. It forms the anterior part of the base of the skull
Ethmoid
Forms part of the floor of the cranium, the orbit, and the nasal cavity. This complex bone contains honey-comb like spaces
Parietal Bones
Form most of the roof and upper sides of the cranium. the two are joined at the saggittal suture at the midline of the skull.
Nasal Bones
Form the bridge of the nose
Lacrimal
Paired bones in each eye socket, makes up part of the orbit at the inner angel of the eye, contains the nasolacrimal duct.
Vomer
Single bone that forms base of nasal septum
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Thin,scroll like paired bones that forms lower part of interior of the nose.
Zygoma
the paired bones that form the promineces of the cheeks, lateral wall and floor of orbits of the eyes.
Palatine
Paired bones that form posterior portion of hard palate and floor of nose and the link between Maxillae and sphenoid bone
Maxilla
Paired ones that are joined at the midline by the maxillary suture. This forms upper jaw and posterior portion of the hard palate
Maxillary Suture
Maxillary bbones articulate, forming a jagged line
Maxillary Tuberosity
Large rounded area of maxilla outer surface in area of the posterior teeth
Maxillary Sinuses
Air-filled cavity, lined mucous membranes
Mandible
Single bone that forms the lower jaw and is the longest and strongest bone of the face and the only moveable bone of the skull
Ramus
Upright portion at each end of the mandible.
Hyoid Bone
Unique because it does not articulate or contact with any other bone. Suspeended between the mandible and larynx. Functions as primary support for the tongue and other muscles
Where is the TMJ located?
between the temporal bane and mandible
What are the two Functions of the TMJ
Hinge action and Gliding Action
What does the word masticaton refer too?
The process of biting and chewing your food
What are the Muscles of Mastication?
Temporal,
Massester
Pterygoid\
Internal pterygoid
External pterygoid
Anatomical Crown
Encased in enamel (above & below gum line)
Clinical Crown
Coverd by Enamel (above gum line)
Where do the anatomical crown and root meet.?
Cemento-Enamel Junction (CEJ)
Apex
root tip
Apical Foramen
Opening at root tip
What Runs from apical foramen to pulp chamber?
Pulp Canal
What contains blood vessels and nerves and provides senstation at the soft tissue center of tooth?
Pulp
Enamel
What makes up the anatomic crowns outer layer?
What is the hardest matieral in the human body?
Enamel
How much crusing stress is the Enamal able too withstand?
100,000 psi
Incapable of remodel or repair.
Enamel
What is the enamel primarly made up of?
96 to 99 percent inorganic materals. Primarly calcium and phosporus. 1 to 4 percent organic material.
What makes up the bulk of the tooth??
Dentin
What is the Dentin Primarily made up of?
Calcium and phosporus.. 70 percent inorganic matieral 30 percent organic matieral.
Dentin is the ______ hardest calcified tissue in the human body??
second
What is the Primary function of the dental pulp?
The formation of dentin.
What is the function fo the Periodontium?
Function is to protect support and provide nourishment
Alveolar Process
Extension of the mandible and maxilla, forms sockets and supports teeth.
What is the periodontal Ligament
Thin Fibrous tiissue between cementum and bone that connects tooth to alveolar socket.
What is the Gingiva (Gums)?
Tissue surrounding teeth
Oral Mucosa
Specialized mucous membrane that covers entire oral cavity.
What are the Three types of Oral Mucoasa?
Lining Mucosa
Masticatory Mucosa
Specialized Mucosa
Saliva
an oral digestive fluid.
How many pints of saliva are produced every 24 hours by the salivary glands?
2-3 pints
What are the four Salivatory glands?
Parotid glands
Submandibular glands
Sublingual glands
Tongue
How many bones make up the face?
14
What is the crown?
The portion of the tooth covered by enamel
Lateral
Pertains to the side of tooth
Bifurcated
Tooth with two roots
Trifurcated
Tooth with three roots
Groove
A small linear depression on the surface of a tooth
Cusp
a sharp or rounded projection of a tooth
cingulum
Lingual enamel bulge on cervical third of anterior teeth
Fossa
dip in the tooth that meets the cingluim, rounded or angular depression
Mamelon
Small rounded projection on incisal edge of newly erupted teeth. usually in childeren
Facial
Surface of the tooth toward the face
Labial
Facial surface of anterior teeth toward the lips
Buccal
Facial surface of posterior teeth towards inner cheek
Mesial
Surface of the tooth toward the midline
Distal
Surface of tooth away from the midline
Lingual
Surface of tooth towards tongue
Incisal
Narrow cutting edge of anterior teeth
Occlusal
Broad chewing surface of posterior teeth
Proximal
Surfaces next to each other when teeth are adjacent in the arch
Contact Point
Point on the pproximal surface where two adjacent teeth actually touch each other
Interproximal
Space between the teeth along th gingival margin that are filled hard and soft tissues known as interdental papilla
Embrasure
The space between the teeth that is not occupied
Diastema
When there is no contact point between the teeth
Maxillary
Upper arch
MANDIBULAR
lOWER ARCH
What are the four quadrants in the mouth?
Naxillary Right, Maxillary Left, Mandibular Left, and Mandiblar Right
Malocclusion
Any abnormality in occlusal relationships
Centric Occlusion
Centered contact position of occlusal surfaces of maxillary and mandibular teeth
Class 1 of angle occusion classification?
normal jaw relations (normal)
Class 2 of angle occusion classiffication?
Retrognathic (retruding) profile (deficient in chin length)
Class 3 of angle occusioon classification?
Prognathic (protruding) profile (excessive chin length)
What is Postural HypoTension caused by?
Prolonged seating of the patient in the supine position during treatment and then suddenly placing him or her in an upright position
What is anaphylactic shock caused by?
The presence of an allergen
Cardiac Arrest
Complete shutdown of both the circulatory(heart) and respiratory(breathing) systems.
Insulin Shock (hypoglycemia)
Too much insulin in the system and not enough glucose in the blood leading to cell damage