Dental Assistant Chapter 8

embryology

study of prenatal development throughout the stages before birth

histology

study of the structure and function of tissues on a microscopic level

3 periods of prenatal development

preimplantation, embryionic, fetal

osteoclast

cells that resorb bone

osteoblast

cells that form bone

which week of pregnancy are all primary teeth developed?

17th

clinical crown

visible in the oral cavity

anatomic crown

covered with enamel

embryonic period

2nd to 8th week

conception

union of male sperm and female ovum

succedaneous

permanent teeth with primary predecessors, ex. anterior teeth and premolars

periodontium

tissues that support teeth in the alveolar bone

ameloblasts

cells that form enamel

odontoblases

cells that form dentin

cementoblasts

cells that form cementum

cementoclasts

cells that resorb cementum

osteoclasts

cells that resorb bone

exfoliation

normal process of shedding primary teeth

oral mucosa is made up of

stratified squamous epithelium

masticatory mucosa

oral mucosa that covers the hard palate, dorsum of the tongue, and gingiva

first period of prenatal development

preimplantation period

what period of prenatal development is the most critical?

embryonic period

embryonic layer that differentiates into cartilage, bones and muscles is

mesoderm

which branchial arch forms the bones, muscles, nerves of the face, and the lower lip

first

which branchial arch forms the side and front of the neck

second

the hard and soft palates are formed by the union of the primary and secondary

palates

when does the development of the human face occur

fifth and eighth weeks

at birth, how many teeth are in various stages of development

52

name the process for the laying down or adding of bone

deposition

name the process of bone loss or removal

resorption

growth, calcification, and ______ are the three primary periods in tooth formation

eruption

the final stage in the growth period is the

bell

what is formed in the occlusal surface when multiple cusps join together?

fissure and dentinoenamel junction

what is the name of the process by which teeth move into a functional position in the oral cavity

eruption

the portion of a tooth that is visible in the mouth is the

clinical crown

the cementoenamel junction is located

between the cementum and enamel

the hardest substance in the human body is

enamel

what is the name of the largest mineral component in enamel

calcium

pain is transmitted through dentin by way of

dentinal fibers

the type of dentin that is also known as reparative dentin is

tertiary dentin

the pulp is made up of

blood vessels and nerves

what type of cells form the intercellular substance of the pulp

fibroblasts

the primary function of the periodontal ligament is

support, maintain and retain tooth

which type of oral mucosa forms the inside of the cheeks, lips, and soft palate

lining mucosa

which trimester is the most critical for the development of the baby

first