Dental Terms A - B

Abrasion

Wearing away of the surfaces of the teeth as a result of their use in chewing.

Abscess

A collection of pus in a cavity formed within the tissue of the body.

Absorption

The process of sucking up, taking in

Abutment

A tooth used to support support one end of a prosthetic appliance, suck as a dental bridge

Accretion

An accumulation of foreign matter, such as tartar on the surface of a tooth or decayed within the cavity.

Acrylic

Permits ultraviolet rays, Synthetic thermoplastic substance resembling clear glass, but lighter in weight.

A D A

American Dental Association.

Adduct

To move toward the center or midline

Adhesives

A compound used after the acid etch to provide Adhesion between the composite and the tooth surface

Adjustment

An alteration or modification that may be required on a tooth or a denture

Align

To position properly in relation to another object

Alloy

Fusing two or more metals; such as silver alloy to mercury to produce an amalgam

Alveolectomy

Shaping of the dental ridges in preparation for construction of a prosthetic appliance

Alveolus

Bone cavity or a socket in which the root of a tooth is held by the periodontal ligament

Amalgam

Used for restoring teeth; composed of mercury with any other metal

Analgesia

Reduction or loss of sensitivity to pain without loss of consciousness.

Anesthetics

Drugs that produce the loss of feeling or sensation either as local or general anesthesia

Ankylosis

Abnormal immobility of a joint

Anterior

Teeth at the front of the mouth

Antibiotic

A drug that inhibits or destroys bacterial growth

Antiseptic

Pharmaceutical substance that stops or inhits the growth of microorganisms

Apex

A conical end; the terminal end of a root or tooth.

Apical

Pertaining to the apex or conical endings of the roots of the teeth.

Aplasis

Lack origin or development

Appliance

A device used to replace missing parts, provide function, or perform a therapeutic purpose. Dental prostheses, splints, orthodontic appliance, and obturators

Arch, Dental

Curving structure formed by the crowns of the teeth in their normal position, or by the residual ridge after loss of teeth.

Arch Wire

The main wire framework, which is attached to bands and passes around the entire dental arch

Artificial Teeth

Dentures or bridgework composed of two materials-porcelain or plastic.

Attrition

The normal or abnormal loss of tooth structure

Backing

A piece of metal, usually gold, that backs up an artificial bridge or tooth and to which the tooth is soldered or otherwise attached

Band

A metallic attachment that surrounds and is cemented to the tooth, used to anchor arch-wires to the teeth

Base

In dentures, the part of a denture that replaces the normal contours of the soft tissues and supports the artificial teeth

baseplate

A temporary form to represent the base of a denture that is used for making maxillomandibular relation re records and for arranging the teeth.

Bicuspid

Having two cusps, as in bicuspid teeth, a premolar

Bilateral

Having two sides

Bite Plane

An appliance that covers the palate and is designed to provide resistance to the mandibular incisors where there is contact

Bite-wing Radiograph

An x-ray showing the crowns of the upper or lower teeth and a portion of the roots and supporting bone.

Bleaching

Restores a discolored tooth to its natural color

Bracing

Resistance to displacement in a lateral direction

Bracket

An attachment that is either welded or soldered to a band which secures arch wires to bands

Bridge

A partial denture; bridgework

Bridge-work

An appliance made of artificial crowns of teeth to replace missing natural teeth

Bruxism

Unconscious habit of grinding teeth

Buccal

Pertaining to the cheek