Operative Dentistry
The area of dental practice concerned with prevention and treatment of defects in tooth enamel and dentin
Preventive Dentistry
To assist the patient in either establiushing control of his or her dental disease or in continuing to maintain good oral health
Prosthodontics
A dentla specialty that provides restoration and replacement of natural teeth
Endodontics
A dental specialty that diagnoses and treats disease of the pulp
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Dental surgery specialty that diagnoses and treat conditions of the mouth, face, upper jaw, and associated areas
Orthodontics
The specialty with dentistry that focuses on perventing intercepting and correcting skeletal and dental programs
Periodontics
The branch of dentistry pertaining to the diagnosis and treatment of the supporting and surrounding tissues of the teeth and their substitutes
Radiology
The department responsible for exposing and processing dental radiographs for the purpose of diagnosis and identification
Perio Probe
Calibrated millimeters and measures depth of sulcus or perio pockets
Scalers
Scales supragingival Calculus, gross removal of calculus and stain
Curettes
Subgingival scaling/root planning
Surgical Knives
Removes gingival tissue during periodontal surgery
Endodontic Explorer
Used to locate opening of small canal orfices for endodontic procedures
Endodontic Long-Shank Spoon Excavator
Used to curette inside of tooth to base of pulp chaimber
Endodontic Locking Forceps
To grasp and lock material (Gutta percha points, paper points) For transfer in and out of the oral cavity
Pupl Tester
Tests the vitality of the pulp
Broaches
Used to clear the canal of soft tissues. They are shaped like needles covered with small barbed projections
Files
Used to enlarge, shape, and smooth canals. It is tapered with sharp cutting edges
08-140
What is the size range of the files?
Gates Glidden Bur
Low-Speed hand-Piece driven instruments used to enlarge the canal orifices
Reamers
Used to clean and enlarge the inner walls of the canal
Endodontic Stand
To hold endodontic files and reamers
Endodontic Stand
To hold endodontic files and reamers
Endodontic Millimeter Ruler
Used to measure files, other instrumetns and materials (gutta percha points) in millimeter incriments
Endodontic Stoppers
Placed on intercanal instruments such as a file to help determine the length of a canal
Electronic Apex locator
Used to electronically measure length of canal to apex of the tooth
Endodontic Irrigating Syringe
Used to carry and dispense irrigating solution into a canal for cleansing during debridement of canal
Paper Points
Points are heated to seal or fill root canals
Lentulo Spiral
Used to place endodontic sealer or cement in teh canal for final seal before placement of gutta percha
Endodontic Spreader
Used for final filling of root canal. To help condense gutta-percha laterally in root canal
Endodontic Plugger
Helps condense gutta percha vertically in a canal
Peso File
To prepare canal for endodontic post
Microscope
Allows dentist to view into canal
Explorer
To check the margins of the crown, bridge, etc to make sure the margins of the crown are closed
Back-Action Crown Remover
Used to remove old crowns that are cemented in the patient's mouth. Used to reverse-impact to pull off the crown
Impression Tray
Metal or plastic trays designed to hold alignate impression material in the patient's mouth ranging in size from large to extra large
Gingival retraction Cord
Forces the tissue away from the tooth. Placed with the tip of a blunt instrument in and around the tooth
Crown and Bridge Scissors
Used to trim temporary crown on gingival side. Trim custom temporary crowns
Articulator
The dental lab and the prosthodontist use this to stimulate movements of the patient's mandible. It helps recreate accurate occlusion when constructing prosthodontic appliances
Custom tray
Used for final impressions made of forma tray
Wooden Bite Stick
To seat permanent croown while patient bites down in occlusion
Articulating paper holder and articulating paper
Checks that patinet is in the proper occlusion when delivering a crown or bridge
Cement Mixing Spatula
Mixes cement
Glass slab
What cement is mixed on
Shade Guides
Used to select a shade for permanent fixed restorations such as crowns, veneers and bridges
Cerec Machine
allows for the patient to have one appointment for preparing and seating a crown
Mouth Prop
Holds the patient's mouth open during surgical proceduresqIrrigation syringe
Irrigation Syringe
Used to irrigate surgical site and keep bone cool during surgical extraction with hand piece
Scapel Handle with Blades
Used to hold blade in place. To cut tissue with blade
#12 & #15
What numbers are usually on scapel handle with blades?
Tissue Scissors
Used to cut tissue
Tissue Forceps
Used to hold tiissue from tooth or bone and to hold tissue away from surgical site
Surgical Curette
Used to remove debris or granulation tissue from surgical site. To remove cyst from extraction or surgical site
Minnesota Retractor
Used to hold and retract the tongue, tissue or cheeks during surgery
High-Volume Surgical Evacuation
For evacuation of blood and debris from surgical site
Needle holder
Used to grasp suture needle when placing suture material
Suture Scissors
Used to cut sutures
Straight Elevatiors
Extraction elevators are used to apply leverage against the tooth to loosen it from the periodontal ligaments
#301 and #302
What are the numbers for Straight Elevators
Root Elevators
Used to loosen root; separate and loosen and lift root tips out of socket
T-Bar Elevators
Used to loosen tooth from periodontal ligament before extraction used on posterior teeth
Root-Tip Picks
Used to lift and remove small root tips out of socket
Rongeurs
Used to trim and remove escess alveolar bone after extractions
Bone File
Used to rembve or smooth rough edges of alveolar bones
Surgical Chisel
Used to split a toth for easier removal by tapping on chisel with mallet
Surgical Mallet
Used with bone chisel to section tooth for easier removal by tapping on chisel with mallet
Extraction Forceps
Used to grasp the crown firmly at or below the cervical line and lift tooth from the socket
Cryer #150
Another name for Maxillary Universal forceps to extract centrals, lateral, cuspids premolars and roots
Cryer #151
Another name for Mandibuular Universal Forceps to extract centrals, laterals, cuspids, premolars and roots
No. 10s
Another Name for Universal maxillary forceps to extract molars
No. 16 (cowhorn forceps)
Another name for Universal Mandibular Forceps to extract maxillary molars
No. 17
another name for mandibular forceps used to extract trifurcated maxillary right first or second molars
No. 88 R Maxillary right Forceps
What is Used to extract Trifurcated Maxillary right first or second molars
No 88 L Maxillary :eft Forceps
used to extract maxillary left or second molars
Madnibular Anterior Forceps
Used to extract mandibular Anterior teeth
Dental Administration
Responsible for the coordination and efficent operation of all functions relating to patient health care and treatment
Dental Examinations
Performed by dentists to evaluate the oral health status of patients and initiate a teratment plan for treatment required
Dental Lab
Consist of fabricating dental prostheses and other appliances to support various prosthodontic treatment needs for all service members
Anesthesia
Temporary loss of feeling or sensation
Aspirate
To draw back or draw within
Diffuse
To spread from highly concentrated area to an area of low concentration
Gague
Standard dimension or measurement needle thickness
Lumen
Hollow center of injection needle
Resheathing
Proper needle recapping, redduces hazards
Vasoconstrictor
Type or drug that constricts blood vessels; prolongs anesthetic action
1 minute
At the beginning of the day, how long should you purge your lines?
30 seconds
In between patients, how long should you purge your lines?
At the end of the work day prior to an appointment
When are patient's records retrieved?
By rank and last name
When greeting a patient (in the military) how should you greet them?
EZ603
Where should you record the patient's blood pressure?
-Allergies or sensitivities
-Review conditions requiring special attention
-Review conditions requiring pre-medication
-Verify pre-Medication and annotate
What should you put on the Health Questionnaire Review (HQR)?
3 feet under the chin
when the patient is in the chair, where should you direct the dental light?
EZ 603
Where should you document the Dentist's findings?
Xylocaine
AKA lidocaine is most commonly used in anesthetic
Marcaine
AKA Bupivacaine is used because of the long duration its effects (oral surgery)
Septocaine
AKA Articaine is supposedly used because it is fast acting.
Xylocaine-Lidocaine
Marcaine-Bupivacaine
Septocaine-Articaine
What are the 3 types of local anesthetic?
Decreases bacteria in oral cavity
Why is Antiseptic mouthwash pre-rinse used when delivering anesthesia?
Topical Anesthesia (Ointment, Aerosol, Or Rinse)
What reduces pain at the injection site? What forms does it come in?
Near the tooth being worked on
When applying topical anesthesia for maxillary teeth, where is the anesthetic placed?
On the soft tissue below the mandibular foramen
When applying topical anesthesia for mandibular teeth, where is the anesthetic placed?
2% lifocaine hydrochloriode
2% mepivacaine (with or without epinephrine)
what are the two most common types of Anesthesia carpule?
First in First out
When reassembling a needle, what method do you use?
-Patient Name
-Branch of Service
-Status
-Rank/Rate
-Family Prefix Code
-SSN
-Activity or command assigned
On the patient's dental record, what should be under patient identification?
Four-Handed Dentistry
Dentist and assistant team function with maximum efficiency and minimal strain, increases productivity and reduces stress and fatigue
Fulcrum
Ring finger rest on stable surface maximizes instrument/handpiece control, prevents hand movement during procedure
Grasp
Method of holding instrument or handpiece
Working End
Instrument part used on tooth or dental material
Zone
Best identification is working position in the "clock concept
4-6" above the dentist's eye level
When working as an assistant, how much higher should your eye level be from the dentist's?
Eyes 14-16" from treatment site
Where should be the dentist's eyesight be?
8 o'clock-12 o'clock
Where zone should a right handed dentist sit?
12 o'clock
Where is the zone that the lingual anterior tooth in?
1-4 o'clock
What zone should a left handed dentist sit?
2-4 o'clock
What zone should the assistant sit in with a right handed provider
8-10 o'clock
What zone should the assistant sit in with a left handed provider?
Bow
Rounded part of the clamp
Isolate
To separate from other teeth in same arch
Ligature
Placement of dental floss on bow of the clamp for safety
Malaligned
Displaced: out of line
Universal
Clamp can be placed on same type of tooth in opposite quadrant
-Dry, clean, operative field
-Access and Visibility
-Improved properties of dental materials
-Keeps tissues and tongue away
-Prevents swallowing or aspirating debris
-Infection Control and Moisture Control
-Increased operator efficiency
What are benefits to the dental dam?
Cotton roll-aids in absorption
Dry angle-Made of cotton for dry filed; makes evacuation easier
What are other isolation techniques rather than using the dental dam?
Primary Teeth
What area of the mouth is rubber dam clamp #0 used for?
Small Bicuspids
What area of the mouth is rubber dam clamp #2 used for?
Bicuspids and Small Molars
What area of the mouth is rubber dam clamp #W3 used for?
Mandibular Molars
What area of the mouth is rubber dam clamp #7 used for?
Partially erupted molars
What area of the mouth is rubber dam clamp #W8A used for?
Anterior Teeth
What area of the mouth is rubber dam clamp #9 and #212 used for?
1 tooth posterior and 2 teeth anterior (Along with the tooth working on)
When punching holes for the dental dam, what holes do you punch?
Cavity Preparation
Process of decay removal and tooth design in preparation for restoring a tooth
Celluloid Strip
Clear plastic strip providing temporary wall for anterior restorations
Matrix Band
Band that provides a temporary wall for a tooth structure to restore the proximal contours and contact to a normal shape and function
Overhang
Excess restorative material extending beyond cavity margins
Retention Pins
Small pin used to retain and support restoration
-Increases visibility
-Patient Comfort and safety
When using a burr, why should you use fluid control?
-Rapid fluid and debris removal
-Retraction of the tongue with a suction tip
-Greater provider visibility and reduces chair time
What are advantages to oral evacuation?
20 seconds
How long do you cure a bonding agent?
Matrix retainers
What holds metal bands firmly around tooth during restoration procedures
Dental Sealants
Resin based material applied to pits and fissures used to fill.
Pit
When two developmental grooves cross. Can be located on buccal, occlusal, and lingual surfaces
Fissure
Fault along developmental groove located on the occlusal surface of the tooth
Pumice
Ground volcantic ash for polishing
Etch
Phosphoric Acid (rough tooth surface)
Isolation
An area by itself, away from something
Rubber Dam
Dry Angles
Cotton rolls
What are 3 ways to isolate a tooth?
Filled Resin
Sealant containing filler particles
Unfilled Resin Sealant
Sealant that does not contain filler particles. Does not require occlusal adjustments
Polymerization
Simple chemical changing into another substance with same elements
Curing
Chemically changes material from pliable to hard, rigid form
Curing Light
Ultra violet light hardens dental material
Sealant Retention
Sealant firmly adheres to tooth surface
Microleakage
Microscopic leakage at interface of tooth structure and sealant/restorations
Articulating Paper
Marks high spots on teeth as they occlude
Articulating Forceps
Holds articulating paper
Adhere
To stick or glue two items together
Galvanch
Electric shock effect when two metals come in contact
Pestle
Object used for pounding or pulverizing a material
Viscosity
property of a liquid that impedes its flow
Dry and Crumbly
What type of adherence does under mixed amalgam have?
Shiny
What type of adherence does over mixed amalgam have?
Soft and Pliable
What type of adherence does properly mixed amalgam have?
Auto-Cured Composite Material
Hardening begins when mixed chemical reaction
Light-Cured Composite Material
Hardens when exposed to curing light
Dual-Cured Material
Hardening begins when mixed but not reach its final cure happens when exposed to light
Celluloid Matrix
protects adjacent teeth from damage before etching
abrasive disks, burs and other rotary instruments
What are finishing and polishing instruments
Abrasive Disks
Used to contour, polish and smooth the composite material
Finishing burs
Used to reduce composite material
-Radiopaque
-Most adhear to instruments used to place them
-Shrinks as it cured
-Add a sufficient amount of material is essential to proper cosmetic appearance
What are characteristics to composite material?
Control of Dental Disease
Early identification and corrective treatment
Dental Exam
Detects dental disease in oral cavity and establishes treatment priority
Oral Prophylaxis or Dental Cleaning
Scaling and polishing which minimizes disease in oral cavity
Oral Health Instruction (OHI)
education and motivation of patient in proper oral hygiene techniques which is vital part of the preventing dentistry
Oral hygiene Aids
Tools used to clean the oral cavity, such as a tooth brush, floss, interdental aids
Dental Recall
A process to identify a patient who is dental class 4 and needs an "annual" dental exam
Dental Readiness
Percentage of a unit's dental class 1 and dental class 2 populations
Operational Dental Readiness
Number that summarizes unit's ability to function without a dental emergency in a combat environment
Dental Emergency
Urgent need for dental care and acute condition affecting oral cavity, usually in associated with pain
To control and prevent dental disease that effects operational dental readiness of Sailors and Marines
What is the NPDP Purpose?
annualy
How often do active and reserve personnel have a dental exam and fluoride treatment?
Commanding Officers
Who ultimately is responsible for ensuring that assigns personnel report to the designated dental health care facilities for treatment?
-Instruct and motivate patients to perform proper oral hygiene
-Teach the patients the importance of disruption and removal of bacterial plaque to prevent gingivitis, periodontal disease, and tooth decay
What are the goals of dental health educator?
Oral Prophylaxis
Removal of calculus, debris, stain, and plaque
Plaque
Colorless soft sticky coating
Calculus
Hard mineralized deposite
Gingivitis
Inflammation of Gingiva
Periodontitis
Inflammatory disease of supporting tissues of the teeth
Dentition
Dental plaque is sticky, soft deposit, or firm that adheres to teeth and other hard surfaces within the mouth
20% bacteria %80 water
What is Plaque made up of?
Supra-gingival Plaque
Plaque that is located above the gingival margin
Subgingival Plaque
Plaque located below the gingival margin
24 hours
How long does it take for plaque to form?
anywhere in the mouth
Where does plaque form?
Mineralization
The calcification or hardening process that takes place if the mass of plaque is left uninterrupted
Using a disclosing agent
How can you show a patient where plaque is?
-Liquid
-Chew Tablet
What two forms do disclosing agents come in?
It is Bacterial Plaque
When using a disclosing agent, what does it mean when it turns red?
The darker red it gets
How does a disclosing agent show you how long plaque has been present?
45 degree angle
when using a tooth brush, what angle are the bristle ends placed into the gingival sulcus?
18 inches long
How long should you cut floss at?
2-3 inches
How much working space should you give floss in between your fingers?
1/2 inch appart
When working with floss, how far appart hould the fingers that control the floss be?
1950s
How long has fluoride been a dental combatant
Systemic Fluoride
What type of fluoride is ingested in water, food, beverages or supplements?
Topical Fluoride
What type of fluoride is applied in direct contact with the teeth through use of fluoridated toothpaste, fluoride mouth rinse, and topical applications of fluoridated gels, foams, and varnishes