Intro to American Politics Chapter 2

Immigrants

Citizens or subjects of one country who move to another country to live or work.

Naturalization

The legal process of acquiring citizenship for someone who has not acquired it by birth.

Asylum

Protection or sanctuary, especially from political persecution.

Refugees

Individuals who flee an area or a country because of persecution on the basis of race, nationality, religion, group membership, or political opinion.

Political Culture

The broad pattern of ideas, beliefs, and values about citizens and government held by a population.

Values

Central ideas, principles, or standards that most people agree are important.

Normative

Describes beliefs or values about how things should be or what people ought to do rather than what actually is.

Procedural Guarantees

Government assurance that the rules will work smoothly and treat everyone fairly, with no promise of particular outcomes.

Individualism

Belief that what is good for society is based on what is good for individuals.

Ideologies

Sets of beliefs about politics and society that help people make sense of their world.

Conservatives

People who generally favor limited government and are cautious about change.

Liberals

People who generally favor government action and view change as progress.

Economic Liberals

Those who favor an expanded government role in the economy but a limited role in social order.

Economic Conservatives

Those who favor a strictly procedural government role in the economy and the social order.

Libertarians

Those who favor a minimal government role in any sphere.

Social Liberals

Those who favor greater control of the economy and the social order to bring about greater equality and to regulate the effects of progress.

Communitarians

Those who favor a strong, substantive government role in the economy and the social order in order to realize their vision of a community of equals.

Social Conservatives

Those who endorse limited government control of the economy but considerable government intervention to realize a traditional social order; based on religious values and hierarchy rather than equality.