ulna
What bone doesn't fully articulate with the carpal bones
capitate
What carpal bone articulates with the middle metacarpal?
scaphoid
What carpal bone is often injured?
trapezium
What carpal bone articulates witht the thumb?
condyloid
The wrist is a __________ joint, meaning it is oval shaped.
scaphoid lunate triquetrum
What 3 carpal bones are in the proximal row?
trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate
What 4 carpal bones are in the distal row?
ulnar deviation flexion
We have more range of motion in what 2 movements?
TFCC
-Site of injury from alot of weight bearing on hand (carpal loading)
-Keeps the forearm bones (radius and ulna) stable when hand grasps or the forearm roatates
extension 20 30
Functional position for wrist is wrist _____, ___-____ degrees.
80
Wrist flexion=_______ degrees
30
Ulnar deviation= _______ degrees
20
Radial deviation=_______ degrees
70
Wrist Extension=_______ degrees
lateral humeral epicondyle supracondylar ridge
The primary wrist extensors (ECRL, ECRB, ECU) have common proximal attachment on ________ and __________.
medial humeral epicondyle
Primary wrist flexors(FCR, FCU) originate from common flexor tendon at __________.
extensor carpi radialis
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris
What are the 3 wrist extensors?
flexor carpi radialis
flexor carpi ulnaris
palmaris longus
What are the 3 wrist flexors?
flexor carpi radialis
extensor carpi radialis longus
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
What 4 muscles produce radial deviation?
extensor carpi ulnaris
flexor carpi ulnaris
What 2 muscles produce Ulnar deviation?
flexor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
What are the 3 Thenar muscles?
adductor pollicis
dorsal interossei
palmar interossei
lumbricals
What are the 4 Deep palm muscles?
flexor digiti minimi
abductor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi
What are the 3 Hypothenar muscles?
distal
-Transverse arch
-More mobile
-3rd Metacarpal is keystone
third metacarpal
What is keystone for Distal Transverse arch?
proximal
-Transverse arch
-More rigid
-Capitate is Keystone
capitate
What is keystone for the proximal transverse arch?
index
2nd most important digit is the _______ finger due to interaction with thumb
carpometacarpal joint
-Joint of the thumb
-Saddle joint
-Articulation between the trapezium and the base of the first metacarpal
40 50
Loss of the thumb accounts for _____-______% of hand dysfunction
thumb
Functionally, the ___________ is most important digit due to relationship with other digits, its mobility and force it can bear
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
flexor pollicis longus
What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the thumb?
abductor pollicis brevis
adductor pollicis
first doral interossei
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
What are the 5 intrinsic muscles of the thumb?
scaphoid trapezium
What 2 carpal bones make up the floor of the anatomical snuff box?
extensor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis longus
What 3 muscles make up the anatomical snuff box?
FOOSH
Scaphoid most often injured by __________.
longitudinal arch
-Second and third metacarpals are the central pillars of this arch
mettacarpal phalangeal joint
-Knuckles
-Biaxial joints
-2 degrees of freedom
-Flexion/extension
-Adduction/abduction
20 extension
Wrist is stabilized in ____ degrees _________.
dorsal midline of the wrist
To measure wrist flexion, the axis is placed on the _________.
dorsal midline of the forearm
To measure wrist flexion, the stationary arm is placed on the ________.
dorsal midline of the thrid metacarpal
To measure wrist flexion, the moving arm is placed on the ________.
volar midline of the wrist
To measure wrist extension, the axis is placed on the ________.
volar midline of the forearm
To measure wrist extension, the atationary arm is placed on the _______.
volar midline of the third metacarpal
To measure wrist extension, the moving arm is placed on the ________.
dorsal midline of the wrist
To measure wrist radial and ulnar deviation, the axis is placed on ________.
dorsal midline of the forearm
To measure wrist radial and ulnar deviation, the stationary arm is placed on ________.
dorsal midline of third metacarpal
To measure wrist radial and ulnar deviation, the moving arm is placed on ________.
spherical power hook cylindrical
What are the 4 power grips?
palmar pinch lateral pinch tip pinch lateral grip
What are the 4 precision grips?
key pinch
The lateral pinch is also called _______.
2 jaw chuck pad to pad
The tip pinch is also called what 2 things?
3 jaw chuck tripod
The palmar pinch is also called what 2 things?
palmar surface of first cmc joint
To measure thumb CMC flexion and extension, the axis is placed on the __________.
ventral midline of the radius inline with the radial head
To measure thumb CMC flexion and extension, the stationary arm is placed on the __________.
palmar surface of the first metacarpal on line with the center of the first MCP joint
To measure thumb CMC flexion and extension, the moving arm is placed on the __________.
dorsal surface between the first and second cmc joints
To measure thumb CMC abduction and adduction, the axis is placed on the _________.
lateral midline of the second metacarpal in the with the second MCP joint
To measure thumb CMC abduction and adduction, the stationary arm is placed on the _________.
dorsal surface of the first metacarpal
To measure thumb CMC abduction and adduction, the moving arm is placed on the _________.
dorsal mcp joint
To measure hand MCP flexion, the axis is placed on the _______.
dorsal midline of the metacarpal
To measure hand MCP flexion, the stationary arm is placed on the _______.
dorsal midline of the proximal phalnx
To measure hand MCP flexion, the moving arm is placed on the _______.
palmar mcp joint
To measure hand MCP extension, the axis is place on the _______.
palmer midline of metacarpal
To measure hand MCP extension, the stationary arm is place on the _______.
proximal midline of proximal phalnx
To measure hand MCP extension, the moving arm is place on the _______.
dorsal mcp joint
To measure hand MCP abduction and adduction, the axis is place on the _______.
dorsal midline of metacarpal
To measure hand MCP abduction and adduction, the stationary arm is place on the _______.
dorsal midline of proximal phalnx
To measure hand MCP abduction and adduction, the moving arm is place on the _______.
dorsal pip joint
To measure hand PIP flexion, the axis is placed on the ____.
dorsal midline of proximal phalnx
To measure hand PIP flexion, the stationary arm is placed on the ____.
dorsal midline of middle phalnx
To measure hand PIP flexion, the moving arm is placed on the ____.
palmar pip joint
To measure hand PIP extension, the axis is placed on the ____.
palmar midline of proximal phalnx
To measure hand PIP extension, the stationary arm is placed on the ____.
palmar midline of middle phalnx
To measure hand PIP extension, the moving arm is placed on the ____.
dorsal dip joint
To measure hand DIP flexion, the axis is placed on the ____.
dorsal midline of middle phalnx
To measure hand DIP flexion, the stationary arm is placed on the ____.
dorsal midline of distal phalnx
To measure hand DIP flexion, the moving arm is placed on the ____.
palmer dip joint
To measure hand DIP extension, the axis is placed on the ____.
palmer midline of the middle phalnx
To measure hand DIP extension, the stationary arm is placed on the ____.
palmar midline of the distal phalnx
To measure hand DIP extension, the moving arm is placed on the ____.
dorsal surface between the first and second cmc joints
To measure thumb CMC radial abduction, the axis is placed on the _________.
dorsal midline of the second metacarpal in line with the second mcp joint
To measure thumb CMC radial abduction, the stationary arm is placed on the _________.
dorsal surface of the first metacarpal in line with the first mcp joint
To measure thumb CMC radial abduction, the moving arm is placed on the _________.
dorsal surface of mcp joint
To measure thumb MCP flexion and extension, the axis is placed on the _________.
dorsal midline of the metacarpal
To measure thumb MCP flexion and extension, the stationary arm is placed on the _________.
dorsal midline of proximal phalnx
To measure thumb MCP flexion and extension, the moving arm is placed on the _________.
dorsal ip joint
To measure thumb IP flexion and extension, the axis is placed on the _________.
dorsal midline of the proximal phalnx
To measure thumb IP flexion and extension, the stationary arm is placed on the _________.
dorsal midline of the distal phalnx
To measure thumb IP flexion and extension, the moving arm is placed on the _________.
transverse carpal ligament
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus
median nerve
What 5 things are in the carpal tunnel?
wrist flexion
wrist extension
dip crease
pip crease
distal palmar crease
proximal palmar crease
thenar crease
wrist crease
carpometacarpal
metacarpalphalangeal
interphalangeal
What are the three joints in the thumb?
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