Finance test 3

the goal of a business should be

maximization of owners wealth

under current tax laws the lowest marginal tax rate for both individual and corporation is

15 %

For corporations the principal against relationship usually refers to the relationship between

owners and managers

which of the following is not considered to be one of the three major forms of business

public limited company

which one of the following alternatives is commonly used to reduce agency problems as they relate to corporate control

stock options

Generally accepted accounting principles are formulated by the

financial accounting standards board

which one of the following financial statements conveys a relationship of equality between assets and liabilities plus owners equity

Balance sheet

under which of the following business organizations do the owners have unlimited liability for all the debts of the firms

sole proprietorship

the average tax rate on a corporation with 75,000 in income and tax liability of 15,000 is

20%

of the following forms of organization which businesses are the greatest in numbers

a proprietorship

of the following forms of business organization which have stockholders with limited liability

corporations

of the following forms of business organizations which have the advantage of limited liability

limited partnership

under which of the following business organizations do the owners have unlimited liability

proprietors and partnership

the most important form of short term business financing is

trade credit

a limited partnership is comprised of

both general and limited partners

working capital does not include

property, plant and equipment

deposits placed in foreign banks that remain denominated in the u.s. dollars are called

Eurodollars

which of the following is not considered to be one of the five C's of credit analysis

caution

commercial finance companies obtain loanable funds

through both long term and short term financing

the small business administration

lends to business with reasonable prospects of repayment but which cannot obtain

the bank line of credit is

the loan limit that a bank had established for a business customer

a revolving credit agreement is a

bankers stand by agreement to provide a guaranteed line of credit for a specified period of time

a business that needs short term credit in excess of its regular line of bank credit may

pledge accounts receivables as specific collateral for additional loans

when a bank takes a business inventory as collateral for additional loans it

usually establishes a field warehouse

for most fields of business the basic source of short term loan financing is

commercial banks

if total assets are 100,000 fixed assets are 30,000 current liabilities are 20,000 the net working capital is

50,000

if life insurance is pledges as collateral for a loan how much can be borrowed

cash surrender value of the policy

a survey of financial managers found they spend nearly what percent of their time dealing with financial planning budgeting and working capital issues

70%

which of the following asset accounts is not part of a firms working capital

fixed assets

which of the following types of ratios indicate the ability to meet short term obligations to creditors as they come due

liquidity ratios

if a firm actually sells its accounts receivable the process is known as

factoring

which of the following is a private firm that operates as a credit reporting agency

Dun & Bradstreet

Proprietors and partners

Have unlimited liability and are liable for all the debts of their business, their personal assets can be attached if needed to satisfy the business obligation.

Corporate

owners who are shareholders have limited liability. the most they can lose is the funds they have invested in the firm.

credit analysis

involves appraising the credit worthiness or quality of a potential customer. it answers the question, should credit be changed or granted? the decision is made on the basis of the applicants characters, capacity, capital, collateral and conditions

the five C's of credit analysis

1.Character is ethical quality upon which one can base a judgment about a customers willingness to pay bills.
2.Capacity the ability to pay bills.
3.Capital adequacy of owner equity relative to existing liabilities.
4.Collateral is whether assets are avai

sole proprietorship

business venture that is owned by a single individual who personally receives all profits and assumes all responsibility for the debts and losses of the business.

Advantages of a sole proprietorship

1. distribution and use of profits
2. control of the business
3. Government regulation
4.Closing the business
5. Secrecy

Disadvantages of a sole proprietorship

1. unlimited liability
2.limited resources
3. existence of the business
4.limited management
5.Qualified employees.

Partnerships

an association of two or more persons who carry on as co-owners of a business for a profit.

Advantages of a Partnership

1. Ease of formation
2. better credit rating
3.Specialization
4. Decision making
5. Regulatory controls

Disadvantages of a Partnership

1.Unlimited liability
2.Business responsibility
3.Life of the partnership
4.Limited sources of funds
5.Distribution of funds

Corporations

a legal entity created by the state with assets and liabilities separate from those of the owners of the corporation. profits are distributed to the shareholders in the form of dividends.

Advantages of a Corporation

1. limited liability
2.transfer of ownership
3.external sources of funds
4.expansion potential
5.perpetual life

disadvantages of a Corporation

1.double taxation
2.legal requirement and regulatory red tape
3.cost and time involved in the incorporation
4.disclosure of information
5.employee-owner separation

Small business administration

Created in 1953 provides variety of services in addition to loan guarantees.

How does the Small business administration provide financing to small business?

Small business administration provides financing to firms unable to obtain loans through private channels .SBA assists in 3 different ways
1. makes direct loans to business
2. participate jointly with private banks in extending loans to business