Sagittal
Vertical plane that passes through the body, dividing it into right and left portions
Coronal
Vertical plane that passes through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior portion.
Axial/Transverse
Horizontal plane that passes through the body, dividing it into superior and inferior portions.
Oblique
Plane that passes diagonally between the axes of two other planes.
Coronal
Identify plane
Sagittal
Identify plane
Transverse
Identify plane
Superior
Directional terminology for, above: at a higher level
Inferior
Directional terminology for below; at a lower level
Anterior
Directional terminology for, toward the front or anterior surface of the body
Posterior
Directional terminology for, toward the back or posterior surface of the body
Medial
Directional terminology for, toward the midsagittal plane
Lateral directional term
Directional terminology for, away from the midsagittal plane
Proximal
Directional terminology for, toward a reference point or source within the body
Distal
Directional terminology for, away from a reference point of source within a body
Superficial
Directional terminology for near the surface of the body
Deep
Directional terminology for, farther into the body and away from the body surface
Cranial/ Cephalic
Directional terminology toward the head
Caudal
Directional terminology toward the feet
Rostral
Directional terminology toward the nose
Ipsilateral
Directional terminology on the same side
Contralateral
Directional terminology on different side
Thenar
Directional terminology for the fleshy part of the hand at the base of the thumb
Volar
Pertaining to the palm of the hand or flexor surface of wrist or the sole of the foot
Palmer
Directional terminology for the front or palm of the hand
Plantar
Directional terminology for the sole of the foot
Abdomen
Regional terminology for abdomen
Antebrachial
Regional terminology for forearm
Antecubital
Regional terminology for front of elbow
Axillary
Regional terminology for armpit
Brachial
Regional terminology for upper arm
Calf
Regional terminology for lower posterior portion of leg
Carpal
Regional terminology for, wrist
Cephalic
Regional terminology for head
Cervical
Regional terminology for neck
Costal
Regional terminology for ribs
Cubital
Regional terminology for posterior surface of elbow area of the arm
Femoral
Regional terminology for thigh, upper portion of leg
Flank direction
Regional terminology for side of trunk adjoining the lumbar region
Gluteal
Regional terminology for buttock
Inguinal
Regional terminology for groin
Lumbar
Regional terminology for lower back between the ribs and hips
Occipital
Regional terminology for back of the head
Ophthalmic
Regional terminology for eye
Pectoral/ Mammary
Regional terminology for upper chest or breast
Pelvic
Regional terminology for pelvis
Perineal
Regional terminology for perineum
Plantar
Regional terminology for sole of the foot
Popliteal
Regional terminology for back of the knee
Sacral
Regional terminology for sacrum
Sternal
Regional terminology for sternum
Thoracic
Regional terminology for chest
Umbilical
Regional terminology for navel
Vertebral
Regional terminology for spine
Cephalic
Identify region
Ophthalmic
Identify region
Otic
Identify region
Tarsal
Identify region
Antecubital
Identify region
Navel/ Umbilical
Identify region
Aortic Arch
Internal landmark that is located 2.5 cm below the jugular notch
Aortic Bifurcation
Internal landmark that is located at L4-L5
Carina
Internal landmark that is located at T4-T5
Carotid Bifurcation
Internal landmark that is located at the upper border of thyroid cartilage
Circle of Willis
Internal landmark that is located in the suprasellar cistern
Conus Medullaris
Internal landmark that is at T12 to L1-L2
Apex of Heart
Internal landmark that is located at the 5th intercostal space, left midclavicular line
Base of Heart
Internal landmark that is located at the 2nd and 3rd costal cartilages behind sternum
Inferior Mesenteric Artery
Internal landmark that is located at 4cm above bifurcation of abdominal aorta
Inferior Vena Cava
Internal landmark that is located at the L5 level
Superior Mesenteric Artery
Internal landmark that is located 2 cm above transpyloric plane
Mediastinum
Body cavity that contains the thymus, heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus and pericardium
Right Upper
Quadrant that contains the right lobe of liver, gallbladder, right kidney, portions of stomach, small and large intestines
Left Upper
Quadrant that contains the left lobe of the liver, stomach, tail of pancreas, left kidney, spleen, portions of the large intestines
Right Lower
Quadrant that contains the cecum, appendix, portions of small intestine, right ureter, right ovary, right spermatic cord
Left Lower
Quadrant that contains most of small intestine, portions of large intestine, left ureter, left ovary, left spermatic cord
Pixel/ Voxel
Regions that are assigned a numerical value corresponding to a specific tissue property
Hounsfield Units
Measure of the beam attenuation capability of a specific structure. Also called pixel values, density numbers or CT numbers
Water
Used as the reference tissue and has a value of zero
Denser
A CT number greater than zero represents tissues that are ______ than water and will appear in progressively lighter shades of gray to white