Photojournalism
The craft of employing photographic storytelling to document life: it is universal and transcends cultural and language bonds
2 elements of photojournalism
1.) universal
2.) transcends cultural and language bonds
DSLR
Digital Single Lens Reflex
DSLR camera
Digital camera that uses a mirror mechanism to either reflect light from a camera lens to an optical viewfinder or let light fully pass onto the image se sir by moving the mirror out of the way
exposure
The amount of light recorded on a film sensor
3 settings on the camera that control exposure
1.) ISO
2.) shutter speed
3.) aperture
Art behinf your photography
ISO, shutter speed and aperture combined
Overexposed (hot)
Too much light = loss of definition
Underexposed (dark)
To little light = loss of definition
Nikon on exposure
Shutter and aperture are controls for adjusting how much light comes into the camera. How much light is determined by the sensitivity (ISO) of the medium used. That was as true for glass plates as it if for film and now digital sensors
Shutter and aperture
Controls for adjusting how much light comes into the camera
Sensitivity (ISO) determines...
How much light is needed
Image sensor
The part of the camera's hardware that captures light and converts what you see through a viewfinder into an image.
Electronic equivalent to film.
Most delicate and most expensive part of camera
Metering
The act of using the built-in light meter in the viewfinder to adjust for exposure. Aim for the middle
Light meter
Decide in the camera that collects light that has passed through the cameras lens and measures its intensity
Shutter
A curtain in front of the image sensor that stays closed until the camera fires. Also refers to the button on top of the body that when fully depressed fires the camera
Shutter speed
Length of time a camera shutter is open to expose light into the camera sensor. Controls motion and blur in photography
How shutter speeds are measured
Fractions of a second
Ex. 1/250
ISO
Light sensitivity of the image sensor.
Changing ___ on a digital camera means rendering it more or less sensitive to light
ISO stands for
International Organization for Standardization
(Main governing body that standardizes sensitivity rating for camera sensors
Lower ISO =
Better pictures
Noise
A.k.a. Grain
Loss of color quality and detail in both highlights and shadows due to the image sensor having less time to collect light to construe the image.
Looks like static or fuzz
LCD stands for
Liquid Crystal Display
LCD
The screen on the back of the camera that replays images captured
aperture
Opening of a lens's diaphragm through which light passes.
Calabrates f/stops
Determines depth if field in photography
F-stop
Measurement determined by the focal length of the lens divided by the diameter of the sperature
F-stop example
A lens with a 100mm focal length set to an f-stop of f/10 has an aperture diameter of 10mm
Focal length
The width and height of the area that a particular lens can capture.
Often printed right on the camera lens in "mm
Focus
Moving of the lens in and out until the sharpest possible image of the subject is projected onto the image sensor.
Lens has to be a certain distance from the sensor to form a clear image depending on the distance of the subject from the camera
Autofocus
Allowing the camera to judge the distance and occurs when the shutter button is pushed halfway
Sharp
In-focus
"Tack" or "tack sharp" when an image is crisp
Soft
Almost in focus
Al servo
Continuous focus
Camera will continue to focus automatically as long as the shutter button is halfway pressed even if the subject moves
Makes or breaks a photo
Focus
Focal point
The point at which all elements or aspects converge; center of acrivity or attention
Optics:
Either of two points on the axis of a mirror, lens or other optical system, one point being such that rays diverging from it are deviated parallel to the axis upo
Composition
The placement or arrangement of visual elements in a photograph
Available
Refers to the natural light or existing light conditions under which an image is made
Depth of field
The apparent sharpness if a photo considering the distance between the nearest and farthest elements that appear to maintain acceptable sharpness and clarity
Framing
Using objects in the foreground or background of a photo to bring attention to the subject of a photo
Blur
Refers to motion in a picture
Background
Area or scenery behind the main object of contemplation.
Constantly be aware of this to avoid juxtaposition
Photo illustration
Either a set-up photo that is illustrative in nature and is clearly out of the realm of reality.
Traditionally, an approach used for fashion, food and product photographs.
Must be clearly labeled
White Balance
Hue of light of your photo
Lines
Refers to leading lines, a technique of composition where the viewer's attention is drawn to lines that lead to the main subject of the image