Antigen -v- Antibodies
Antigen
A substance that indicates the formation of antibodies, because
it is recognized by the immune system as a threat
2. Antibodies
2. Proteins produced by the body, to
fight invasion of foreign molecules
I) HUMAN BLOOD TYPES:
a) ABO:
b) Rh Factor
A) Either present or not
B) Another genotype
Rh+ = Dominant: RR, Rr Rh- =
Recessive: rr
Example: A+
Possible genotypes- AARR, AARr, AORR, AORr
II) Blood Transfusions
Type A = only from type A or type O
Type AB = can receive from all four groups, but only
donate to AB (universal recipient)
Type O = can only receive from O, but can donate to
the other 3 groups (universal donor)
III) Hemolytic disease of the newborn
* Rh factor incompatibility
When a Rh+
man father's a child by an Rh- women, the fetus might
inherit the Rh+ antigen At birth,
a small amount of fetal blood enters the mother's circulation
Over the next several months the women develops antibodies against the
Rh+ antigen When female becomes pregnant with
another Rh+ fetus, her antibodies cross the
placenta and attack the fetus's RBC.
IV) Blood Disorders:
1) Anemia
reduction in oxygen - carrying capacity
2) Leukemia
a form of cancer
3) Septicemia
blood poisoning
4) Thrombocytopenia
reduction in platelet number
5) Hemophilia
Deficiency of one or more clotting factors.