Without Sensation
anesthesia
Surgical repair of the nerve
neuroplasty
paralysis of one limb
monoplegia
paralysis of two limbs
diplegia
paralysis of four limbs
quadriplegia
half paralysis
hemiplegia
paralysis of two like parts of a pair (lower limbs)
paraplegia
Surgical removal of a nerve
neurectomy
abnormal softening of the brain
encephalomalacia
Pain in the brain
Encephalalgia
Does the brain feel pain?
No
What are the four parts of the brain?
Cerebrum, cerebellum, thalamus, brainstem
Which part of the brain is responsible for muscular movements, coordination?
Cerebellum
Term for one who cannot speak/ without speech
aphasia
Term referring to tumor
oma
Inflammatory problem with the brain
Encephalitis
Term with tissue surrounding the brain/
meninges inflammation
meningitis
Record of the spinal cord
myelogram
What is the CNS? What does it stand for?
Central Nervous system
Term for excessive sugar in the blood
Excessive sugar blood condition
Hyperglycemia
brain tumor
encephaloma
nerve tumor
neuroma
brain tumor is an
intracranial mass, either benign or malignant; benign tumor of brain
can still be fetal because it will grow and cause pressure on normal
brain tissue.
subdural hematoma
mass of blood forming underneath dura mater when meninges are torn by
trauma; can exert fatal pressure on brain if hematoma is not drained
by surgery.
cancerous tumor in gland
adenocarcinoma
tumor that secretes within
endocrinoma
thymus gland tumor
thymoma
pheochromocytoma
usually benign tumor of adrenal medulla; secretes excessive amount of
epinephrine; symptons include anxiety, heart palpitations,dyspnea,
hypertension, profuse sweating, headache, and nausea.
Acoustic neuroma
benign tumor of auditory nerve sheath; symptoms include tinnitus,
headache, vertigo, and progressive hearing loss.
-ectomy
surgical removal
#NAME?
cutting into
#NAME?
surgical repair
#NAME?
surgical fixation
cutting into cerebrum
cerebrotomy
surgical removal of a nerve
neurectomy
surgical repair of nerve
neuroplasty
surgical removal of adrenal gland
adrenalectomy
surgical repair of ovary
oophoroplasty
cutting into ovary
oophorotomy
surgical removal of ovary
oophorectomy
surgical removal of testes
orchiectomy
surgical fixation of testes
orchiopexy
cutting into testes
orchiotomy
surgical removal of pancreas
pancreatectomy
cutting into pancreas
pancreatotomy
surgical removal of parathyroid gland
parathyroidectomy
surgical removal of pineal gland
pinealectomy
surgical removal of thymus gland
thymectomy
cutting into thyroid gland
thyrotomy
surgical removal of thyroid gland
thyroidectomy
surgical repair of eyelid
blepharoplasty
surgical removal of cornea
keratectomy
cutting into cornea
keratotomy
surgical repair of cornea
keratoplasty
surgical fixation of retina using cold
cryoretinopexy
cutting into sclera
sclerotomy
surgical repair of adenoids
adenoidectomy
surgical removal of larynx
laryngectomy
surgical repair of larynx
laryngoplasty
surgical removal of eardrum
myringectomy
surgical repair of eardrum
myringoplasty
cutting into eardrum
myringotomy
surgical repair of the ear
otoplasty
surgical repair of pharynx
pharyngoplasty
cutting into pharynx
pharyngotomy
surgical repair of nose
rhinoplasty
surgical removal of tonsils
tonsillectomy
surgical repair of trachea
tracheoplasty
cutting into trachea
tracheotomy
surgical repair of the eardrum
tympanoplasty
cutting into eardrum
tympanotomy
Different blood condition from normal
-osis abnormal condition
hemat/o
blood
vascul/o
blood vessel
pertaining to cerebral blood vessels
cerebrovascular
Enlarged renal/adrenal glands, statement about endocrine glands four
possible scenario, pick the correct one
Enlarged adrenal gland �
adrenomegaly
aden/o
gland
adren/o
gland
A gland is
a group of cells that work together to produce and secrete substances
such as hormones; endocrine glands secrete their substances (hormones)
directly into the bloodstream; exocrine glands, such as sweat glands,
secrete into a duct.
endocrine system
plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis, a stable internal body
environment. This system consists of a group of glands that secrete
chemical messengers called hormones directly into the bloodstream.
Hormones travel through the blood to target organs to adjust their
activity to regulate factors such as growth, reproduction, metabolic
rate, bone growth, and sugar levels.
Each of two adrenal glands sits on top of
kidney; divided into outer adrenal cortex and inner adrenal medulla.
Adrenal cortex secretes
aldosterone to regulate sodium levels in the body. cortisol to
regulate carbohydrate metabolism, sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone.
Adrenal medulla secretes
epinephrine also called adrenaline to help body respond to emergency situations.
Pineal gland is
a small pine coned-shaped gland in thalamus region of brain; secretes
melatonin, which plays a role in regulating body�s circadian rhythm
(24-hr clock).
Pituitary Gland
is a small marble-shaped gland that hangs down from underside of
brain; often referred to as master gland because some of its hormones
regulate other endocrine glands; divided into anterior lobe and
posterior lobe.
Anterior of pituitary gland secretes
growth hormone; stimulate body to grow larger.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
regulates activity of thyroid gland
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
regulates activity of adrenal cortex
Prolactin
stimulates milk production by breast
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
stimulate melanocytes to produce more melanin
Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
work together to regulate activity of ovaries or testes
Posterior lobe of pituitary gland
secretes antidiuretic hormone regulates volume of water in body
Oxytocin
stimulates uterine contractions during labor and birth
Thyroid gland
is located in neck; has two lobes on either side of trachea; secretes
thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which regulate body�s metabolic rate;
also secretes calcitonin, which lowers blood calcium levels.
Enlarged thyroid gland
thyromegaly
Which of the following is not an endocrine gland?
this system consist of: two adrenal glands, two ovaries in the
female, four parathyroid glands, the pancreas, the pineal gland, the
pituitary gland, two testes in the male, the thymus gland, and the
thyroid gland.
endocrine glands
Hypothalamus
Pineal Gland
Pituitary Gland
Thyroid Gland
Parathyroid
Thymus
Adrenal
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes
Pancreas
is located in abdominal cavity along lower curvature of stomach; is
only gland that is both an endocrine and exocrine gland; endocrine
cells called pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans, secrete
insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels; insulin lowers
blood sugar levels by allowing sugar to enter individual cells;
glucagon raises blood sugar by stimulating liver to release stored
sugar back into the bloodstream; exocrine portion secretes digestive
enzymes into the pancreatic duct, which carries them to the duodenum.
Which of the following statements regarding insulin and
glucagon are not true?
endocrine cells called pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans,
secrete insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels; insulin
lowers blood sugar levels by allowing sugar to enter individual
cells; glucagon raises blood sugar by stimulating liver to release
stored sugar back into the bloodstream; exocrine portion secretes
digestive enzymes into the pancreatic duct, which carries them to
the duodenum.
parathyroid glands
are four small glands located on posterior surface of thyroid
gland; secrete parathyroid hormone to raise blood levels of calcium.
What are tears? Where do tears come from?
are watery fluid secreted by lacrimal glands that moisten and cleanse
anterior surface of eyeball; lacriminal glands are located superior
and lateral to eyeball and under orbital bone; tears collect in corner
of eye and flow through lacrimal canals to lacrimal sac.
Tear flow
dacryorrhea
instrument for viewing the eye
ophthalmoscope
surgical repair of the eyelid
blepharoplasty
Abnormal softening of the sclera
scleromalacia
sclera
is outermost layer of eye, commonly called white of eye; very
fibrous and tough
Surgical fixation of retina using cold
cryoretinopexy
kerat/o
cornea
surgical removal of cornea
keratectomy
surgical repair of cornea
keratoplasty
cutting into cornea
keratotomy
What term is not a pathological condition?
-pathy
disease
brain disease
encephalopathy
spinal cord disease
myelopathy
nerve disease
neuropathy
adrenal gland disease
adrenalopathy
disease that secretes within
endocrinopathy
diabetic retinopathy
development of small hemorrhages and edema in retina as result of
diabetes mellitus; dark spots appear in visual field; laser surgery
may be necessary for treatment.
Retina disease
retinopathy
Which of the following are not accessory structures of the
eye? Accessories of the eye includes
Eyelids, Eyelashes,
Lacrimal apparatus, Extrinsic eye muscles,
Eyebrows
Which of the following statements about healthcare of the eye
is not accurate? Understand the difference between optometrist and ophthalmologist.
The two medical specialties providing eye care are
ophthalmology and optometry
Ophthalmology is
the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions of the eye
and vision
Ophthalmologists
are medical doctors (MD or DO) who have completed at least four years
of specialized training after completing medical school. They are
involved in all aspects of eye care including vision examinations,
corrective lens prescription, diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases
and conditions, and eye surgery.
Optometry
specializes in assessing vision and prescribing corrective lens,
treating glaucoma, corneal damage, and visual skill problems,
providing pre- and post-surgical care, as well as screening for other
eye diseases.
Optometrist obtains
a doctor of optometry degree after completing four years at a school
of optometry.
Tonsil inflammation
tonsillitis
Which term means not pertaining to the ear?
These terms means pertaining to the ear
Otic, aural
pertaining to the ear
otic
pertaining to ear
aural
aur/o
ear
ot/o
ear
audit/o
hearing
pertaining to hearing
auditory
audi/o
hearing
instrument for viewing larynx
laryngoscope
larynx
commonly called voice box, is located between pharynx and trachea;
contains paired vocal cords that vibrate as air passes through them to
produce sound.
-phonia
voice
Without voice
aphonia
Larynx paralysis
laryngoplegia
otorhinolaryngology
focuses on a specific region of body, the head and the neck rather
than on a whole body system such as gastrointestinal system or
neurology is the nervous system. As a group, the organs in the head
and neck are responsible for two main functions: to house sensory
receptors and to provide passageways for air, food, and drink.
Ear
hearing and equilibrium
Nose
smell and entrance for air into the body
Pharynx
carries air to the larynx and trachea, and food and drink to the esophagus
Larynx
speech
Trachea
brings air to the lungs
Ear pain
otalgia
#NAME?
pain
ot/o
ear
abnormal condition of ear fungus
otomycosis
discharge of pus from ear
otopyorrhea
Surgical incision into the eardrum or cutting into eardrum
myringotomy
myring/o
tympanic membrane or eardrum
tympan/o
tympanic membrane or eardrum
surgical removal of eardrum
myringectomy
surgical repair of eardrum
myringoplasty
Record of a hearing test or
record of hearing
audiogram
cutting into the throat or
Cutting into the trachea
tracheotomy
enlarged trachea
Tracheomegaly