cell membrane
thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
cell wall
strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
centrioles
one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
chloroplasts
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
cilia
short hairlike projection similar to a flagellum; produces movement in many cells
contractile vacuoles
cavity in the cytoplasm of some protists that collects water and discharges it from the cell
cytoplasm
material inside the cell membrane --not including the nucleus
DNA
directions for inhertance carried by a molecule
Endoplasmic reticulum
internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified
flagella
tail like appendage used for locomotion of certain cells and or unicircular organism
Golgi Apparatus
stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosomes
cell organelle filled with enyzmes need to break down certain materials in the cells
mitochondrion
cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in foods into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
nuclear envelope
layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of the cells
nuclear pores
pores which allows materials to move in and out of the cell nucleus
nucleolus
small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begins
ribosomes
small particles in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and proteins
rough ER
portion of the ER involved in the synthesis of proteins
smooth ER
contains collections of enzymes that perform specialized tasks, including the synthesis of membrane lipids, and the detoxification of drugs
vacuole
cell organelle that stores materials such as waters, salts, proteins, and carboydrates
Chromatin
granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins