alkynes
a carbon compound with a carbon-carbon triple bond.
alkenes
a carbon compound with a carbon-carbon double bond.
alkanes
a carbon compound with a carbon-carbon single bond
phenyl group
C6H5-, Benzene ring attached to a parent compound
hydroxyl group
OH-
alkyl halide
An alkane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a halogen.
alchohol
R-OH
ether
R-O-R
amine
NH2
thiol
R-SH
sulfide
R-S-R
electrophile
An atom (or group of atoms) that is attracted to an electron-rich centre or atom, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.
nucleophile
An atom (or group of atoms) that is attracted to an electron- deficient centre or atom, where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.
carbonyl group
C=O ; a chemical group consisting of a carbon atom linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom
aldehyde
An organic molecule with a carbonyl group located at the end of the carbon skeleton.
ketone
RCOR in which C-O is a carbonyl group
carboxylic acid
R-COOH
ester
RCOOR
amide
compounds that contain an N bonded directly to the carbonyl C
acid chloride
-COCl