Organic Chemistry

alkynes

a carbon compound with a carbon-carbon triple bond.

alkenes

a carbon compound with a carbon-carbon double bond.

alkanes

a carbon compound with a carbon-carbon single bond

phenyl group

C6H5-, Benzene ring attached to a parent compound

hydroxyl group

OH-

alkyl halide

An alkane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a halogen.

alchohol

R-OH

ether

R-O-R

amine

NH2

thiol

R-SH

sulfide

R-S-R

electrophile

An atom (or group of atoms) that is attracted to an electron-rich centre or atom, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.

nucleophile

An atom (or group of atoms) that is attracted to an electron- deficient centre or atom, where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.

carbonyl group

C=O ; a chemical group consisting of a carbon atom linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom

aldehyde

An organic molecule with a carbonyl group located at the end of the carbon skeleton.

ketone

RCOR in which C-O is a carbonyl group

carboxylic acid

R-COOH

ester

RCOOR

amide

compounds that contain an N bonded directly to the carbonyl C

acid chloride

-COCl