-azosin (prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin)
Alpha Adrenergic Blocker
BPH and Hypertension
-olol, -lol (metoprolol, propanolol)
Beta Adrenergic Blocker
antihypertensive
nonselective beta-blocker that inhibits beta1 (heart) and beta2 (bronchial) receptors.
may cause bronchoconstriction
-zepam, -zolam (diazepam, alprazolam)
Benzodiazepine
(BZD)
CNS Depressants/anti-anxiety
Anxiety, Anesthetics, Sedatives
CNS depression, anterograde amnesia, paradoxical, withdrawal, not for liver disease, mental illness, substance use
grapefruit drug
-pril (lisinopril)
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor
- ACE Inhibitor
antihypertensive
cause: hyperkalemia, neutropenia, can increase lithium levels, NSAIDs can decrease effect, notify if dry cough occurs
Teratogenic
-sartan (candesartan)
Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker
(ARB Blocker)
antihypertensive
May cause hyperkalemia
-ipine (amlodipine)
Calcium Channel Blocker
(CCB)
hypertension, chest pain, migraines,
Also diltiazem, verapamil
-statins (atorvastatin)
-vastatin (lovastatin)
Lipid-Lowering Drugs
(HMG-CoA inhibitor)
anti-hyperlipidemics (tx hyperlipidemia)
Obtain baseline cholesterol levels
Avoid alcohol
Report muscle aches and pains, anorexia, GI disturbances, jaundice
Hepatotoxic, can cause rhabdomylosis
-plase (alteplase/tPA, reteplase)
Thrombolytics
Dissolve formed clots
-parin (heparin, enoxaparin)
Anticoagulants
-sone (prednisone)
glucocorticoids
asthma, arthritis, autoimmune diseases, skin diseases
adverse effects: hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, infection, osteoporosis, adrenal suppression, fluid retention
instruct pt to: take Ca+ supplement, vitamin D and or bisphosphonate, monitor
-dronate (alendronate)
Biphosphonate
Osteoporosis
-terol (albuterol)
Bronchodilator
Beta2-adrenergic agonists
Asthma and COPD
Also terbutaline
-tidine (cimetidine)
Histamine2 Blocker
Uses: Acid Reducer
-prazole (omeprazole)
Protein Pump Inhibitor
acid reducer, GERD
Take in morning
-erg-
ergot alkaloid derivatives
tx: migraines
cef-, ceph- (cefazolin)
Cephalosporin
Antibiotic
-cycline (tetracycline)
Tetracycline
Antibiotics
-floxacin (levofloxacin)
Fluoroquinolones
Antibiotic
-mycin (azithromycin)
Macrolide
antibiotic
can cause prolonged QT interval
-micin, -mycin (gentamicin)
Aminoglycoside
Antibiotic
-azole (itraconazole, ketoconazole, metronidazole)
also amphotericin B, flucytosine, nystatin, terbinafine, griseofulvin
Antifungal
adverse: thrombophlebitis, nephrotoxic, hypokalemia, bone marrow suppression
contraindicated if impaired kidney function, amph B is highly toxic
-triptan (sumatriptan)
Seratonin-Receptor Agonists
Migraines
-afil (sildenafil, tadalafil)
Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors
Erectile Dysfunction
MI, sudden death, hearing loss, priapism
do not take if taking nitroglycerin, not if prolonged QT, not with grapefruit
-curium, -curonium (pancuronium)
Neuromuscular Blockers
Muscle Relaxation
-gliptin (sitagliptin, saxagliptin)
DPP-4 Inhibitors
Uses: Enhance activity of incretin hormone to
decrease blood sugar
-tide (exenatide, liraglutide)
Incretin Mimetics
Lower Blood Sugar
-alol (labetalol, medraxalol)
Combined alpha and beta blockers
antihypertensive +
-andr- , -testosterones
Androgens
male sex trait development
postmenopausal breast cancer
-anserin (altanserin, tropanserin)
Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonist
psychiatric meds
-arabine (fludarabine)
Antineoplastic
leukemia, lymphoma
-ase
enzyme
-bactam
betal-lactamase inhibitors
antibiotic combo
-bamate
Tranquilizers, antiepileptics (AEDs)
-barb
barbituric acid derivatives
-butazone
antiinflammatory analgesic
-caine (lidocaine)
local anesthetic
-conazole
Antifungals (miconazole type)
-cort-
cortisone derivatives
-dralazine
Antihypertensives (hydrazine-phthalazines)
-erg-
ergot alkaloid derivatives
estr-
estrogens
will decrease effects of warfarin, effect decreased by phenytoin, may increase effects of corticosteroids, decrease action of hypoglycemics and thyroid meds
-fibrate, -fibrozil (gemfibrozil, fenofibrate)
antihyperlipidemics
or Fibrates
Decrease triglyceride levels, increase HDL levels
Adverse: gallstones, myopathy, hepatotoxicity
take 30 mins before breakfast and dinner
Monitor for biliary disease
Report muscle aches and pains
-flurane
inhalation anesthetics
-gest-
progesterones
-prazole (omeprazole)
Protein Pump Inhibitor
acid reducer, GERD, ulcers, erosive esophagitis, hypersecretory: Zollinger-Ellison
adverse effects: pneumonia, osteoporosis (increase vitamin D and calcium), hypomag, rebound acid hypersecretion
digoxin and phenytoin lvls may increa
-leukin
interleukin-2 derivatives
-lukast
leukotriene antagoinst
asthma, bronchitis, antiinflammatory
-mab (capromab, detumomab)
monoclonal antibodies
immunotherapy, cancer
-mantadine (rimantadine)
antiviral
-mustine (carmustine)
antieoplastics
chemotherapy
-olone (minaxolone)
Steroids (no prednisone derivatives)
-oxacin
quinolone antibiotic
-pamide
-mide
Diuretics
(sulfamoylbenzoic acid derivatives) adipamide
-pamil
coronary vasodilators
-peridol
Antipsychotics (haloperidol type)
-poetin (epoetin alfa)
Erythropoietins
Tx: anemia
-pramine
antidepressants
-pred
prednisone derivatives
-profen
antiinflammatory. analgesic agent
-rubicin
Antineoplastic antibiotics (daunorubicin type)
-sulfa
Antibiotics (sulfonamide derivatives)
-thiazide (hydrochlorothiazide)
thiazide diuretics
First choice for essential hypertension
hypertension, edema of heart failure and liver and kidney disease, reduce urine in diabetes insipidus, promote reabsorption of calcium
hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hypomag, hyperglyce
-tocin
oxytocin derivatives
-trexate (methotrexate)
Antimetabolites (folic acid derivatives)
immunosupressant, chemotherapy
-triptyline
antidepressants, TCA
Other TCAs: imipramine
-uracil
uracil derivative used as thyroid antagonist or as antineoplastic
-vir-
acyclovir, ganciclovir
Antiviral
-xaban
Factor Xa inhibitor
anticoagulant
Do not need routine blood level monitoring (PTT, IRN)*
Do not take with other blood thinners