Pharm Study Guide Exam 2

When caring for a pt who is taking digoxin, the nurse should monitor for which S/Sx of toxicity? (Select all that apply)
a. anorexia
b. diarrhea
c. visual changes
d. N/V
e. H/A
f. bradycardia

A B C D F

The antidysrhythmic drug lidocaine is used mainly to treat which condition?
a. atrial fibrillation
b. bradycardia
c. complete heart block
d. ventricular dysrhythmias

D

When monitoring a pt who is taking quinidine (Quinidex), the nurse recognizes that which is a possible side effect of this drug?
a. weakness
b. tachycardia
c. GI upset
d. HTN

C

The nurse is administering Cordarone and should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
a. pulmonary toxicity
b. HTN
c. urinary retention
d. visual halos

A

Which condition is most appropriately treated with Calan?
a. cardiac asystole
b. heart block
c. ventricular dysrhythmias, including premature ventricular contraction
d. recurrent paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

D

A pt is experiencing a rapid dysrhythmia, and the nurse is preparing to administer Adenocard. Which is the correct administration technique for this drug?
a. it shuold be given as a fast IV push
b. it should be given IV, slowly, over at least 5 min
c. it

A

If a drug has a prodysrhythmis effect, then the nurse must monitor the pt for which effect?
a. decreased heart rate
b. new dysrhythmias
c. a decrease in dysrhythmias
d. reduced BP

B

What is the purpose of antianginal drug therapy?
a. to increase myocardial oxygen demand
b. to increase blood flow to peripheral arteries
c. to increase blood flow to ischemic cardiac muscle
d. to decrease blood flow to ischemic cardiac muscle

C

The nurse should teach a pt who will be taking nitroglycerin about which common adverse effect of this drug?
a. blurred vision
b. dizziness
c. H/A
d. weakness

C

The nurse is reviewing dosage forms of nitroglycerin. This drug can be given by which routes? (Select all that apply)
a. continuous IV drip
b. IV bolus
c. sL sprays
d. oral dosage forms
e. topical ointment
f. rectal suppository

A C D E

For a pt using transdermal nitroglycerin patches, the nurse anticipates that the prescriber will order which procedure for preventing tolerance?
a. leave the old patch on for 2 hours when applying a new patch
b. apply a new patch every other day
c. leave

D

Pts who are taking beta-blockers for angina need to be taught which information?
a. these drugs are for long-term prevention of angina episodes
b. these drugs must be taken as soon as angina pain occurs
c. these drugs should be discontinued if dizziness i

A

A pt with coronary artery spasms will be most effectively treated with which type of antianginal meds?
a. Beta- Blockers
b. Calcium channel blockers
c. Nitrates
d. Nitrites

B

A 46-yo man has been taking clonidine for 5 months. For the last 2 months, his BP has been normal. During this office visit, he tells the nurse that he would like to stop taking the drug. What is the nurse's best response?
a. "I'm sure the doctor will sto

C

When administering ACE-inhibitors, the nurse keeps in mind that which are possible adverse effects? (Select all that apply)
a. diarrhea
b. fatigue
c. restlessness
d. H/A
e. a dry cough
f. tremors

B D E

A pt with type II DM has developed HTN. What is the BP goal for this pt?
a. less than 110/80 mm Hg
b. less than 130/80 mm Hg
c. less than 130/84 mm Hg
d. less than 140/90 mm Hg

B

A pt is being treated for a HTN emergency. The nurse expects which drug to be used?
a. sodium nitroprusside
b. losartan
c. captopril
d. prazosin

A

As part of treatment for early heart failure, a pt is started on an angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse will monitor the pts labs for which potential effect?
a. agranulocytes
b. proteinuria
c. hyperkalemia
d. hypoglycemia

C

Before giving oral Lanoxin, the nurse discovers that the pts radial pulse is 52 beats/min. What will be the nurse's next action?
a. give the dose
b. delay the dose until later
c. hold the dose and notify the physician
d. check the apical pulse for 1 minut

D

Which statement regarding digoxin therapy and potassium levels is correct?
a. low potassium levels increase the chance of digoxin toxicity
b. high potassium levels increase the chance of digoxin toxicity
c. digoxin reduces the excretion of potassium in th

A

When infusing inamrinone, the nurse should keep in mind which statement?
a. the med should be mixed in saline before administration
b. the true color of IV inamrinone is clear yellow
c. the drug may cause reddish discoloration of the extremities
d. HTN is

B

A pt in her 8th month of pregnanct has pre-eclampsia. Her BP is 210/110 mm Hg this morning. This type of HTN is classified as which of the following?
a. Primary
b. Idiopathic
c. Essential
d. Secondary

D

Which are indications for the use of diuretics? (Select all that apply)
a. increase urine output
b. reduce uric acid levels
c. treat HTN
d. treat open-angle glaucoma
e. treat edema associated with heart failure

A C D E

When providing pt teaching to a pt who is taking a potassium- sparing diuretic such as spironolactone (Aldactone), the nurse will include which dietary guideline?
a. there are no dietary restrictions w/ this med
b. the pt should consume foods high in pota

C

When teaching a pt about diuretic therapy, which time would the nurse indicate as the best time of day to take these meds?
a. morning
b. midday
c. bedtime
d. time of day doesn't matter

A

When monitoring a pt for hypokalemia related to diuretic use, the nurse looks for which possible symptoms?
a. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia
b. diarrhea and abdominal pain
c. orhthostatic hypotension
d. muscle weakness and lethargy

D

A pt w/ severe heart failure has been started on therapy with a CAI, but the nurse mentions that this medication may be stopped in a few days. What is the reason for this short treatment?
a. CAIs aren't the first choice for tx of heart failure
b. CAIs los

B

Which are common uses of cyrstalloids? (Select all that apply)
a. fluid replacement
b. promotion of urinary flow
c. transport of O2 to cells
d. replacement of lytes
e. as maintenance fluids
f. replacement of clotting factors

A B D E

The IV order for a newly admitted pt calls for "NS to run at 100 mL/hr." The nurse will choose which concentration of NS?
a. 0.33%
b. 0.45%
c. 0.9%
d. 3.0%

C

A pt has been admitted w/ severe dehydration after working outside on a very hot day. The nurse expects which IV fluid to be ordered for rapid fluid replacement?
a. albumin
b. hetastarch
c. fresh frozen plasma
d. 3% sodium chloride

D

When giving IV potassium, which is important for the nurse to remember?
a. IV doses are preferred over oral dosage forms
b. IV solutions should contain at least 50 mEq/L
c. Potassium must always be given in diluted form
d. It should be given by slow IV bo

C

When a pt is receiving blood products, the nurse monitors for which signs of a possible transfusion reaction?
a. subnormal temp and HTN
b. apprehension, restlessness, fever, and chills
c. decreased P and R and fever
d. H/A, nausea, and lethargy

B

A pt w/ a demonstrated deficiency in clotting factors needs a replacement product that will not increase his fluid levels. The nurse expects which product to be given?
a. plasma protein fraction
b. fresh frozen plasma
c. packed RBCs
d. albumin

B

The nurse is reviewing the use of anticoagulants. Anticoagulant therapy is appropriate for which conditions? (Select all that apply)
a. atrial fibrillation
b. thrombocytopenia
c. MI
d. presence of mechanical heart valve
e. aneurysm
f. leukemia

A C D

During teaching of a pt who will be taking warfarin sodium (Coumadin) at home, which statement by the nurse is correct regarding OTC drug use?
a. "Choose NSAID drugs prn for pain relief."
b. "ASA products may result in increased anticoagulant effect."
c.

B

A pt is at risk for a stroke. Which drug is recommended to prevent platelet aggregation for stroke prevention by the American Stroke Society?
a. ASA
b. Coumadin
c. Heparin
d. Activase

A

When administering sucQ heparin, the nurse will remember to perform which action?
a. use the same sites for injection to reduce trauma
b. use a 1-in. needle for subQ injection
c. inject the med without aspirating for blood return
d. massage the site after

C

During thrombolytic therapy, the nurse monitors for bleeding. Which symptoms may indicate a serious bleeding problem? (Select all that apply)
a. HTN
b. hypotension
c. decreased LOC
d. increased pulse rate
e. restlessness

B C D E

Which drug is often used after major orthopedic surgery, even when the pt is home?
a. antiplatelet drugs, such as ASA
b. ADP inhibitors, such as Plavix
c. anticoagulants, such as Coumadin
d. Low-molecular-weight heparin, such as Lovenox

D

Pts taking Questran may experience which adverse effects?
a. blurred vision and photophobia
b. drowsiness and difficulty concentrating
c. diarrhea and abdominal cramps
d. belching and bloating

D

The nurse should instruct the pt who is taking antilipemic drugs about which dietary measures? (Select all that apply)
a. taking supplements of fat-soluble vitamins
b. taking supplements of Vit B
c. increasing fluid intake
d. choosing foods that are lower

A C D E

In reviewing the history of a newly admitted cardiac pt, the nurse knows that the pt would have a contraindication to antilipemic therapy if which condition is present?
a. liver disease
b. renal disease
c. CAD
d. DM

A

A woman is being screened in the cardiac clinic for risk factors for CAD. Which would be considered a negative, or favorable risk factor for her?
a. HDL cholesterol level of 30 mg/dL
b. HDL cholesterol level of 75 mg/dL
c. LDL level of 31 mg/dL
d. LDL lev

B

A pt who has started taking niacin complains that he "hates the side effects." Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
a. "You will soon build up tolerance to these side effects."
b. "You should take the niacin on an empty stomach."
c. "You can

D

A pt asks, "What is the 'good cholesterol?'" How will the nurse respond?
a. VLDL
b. LDL
c. HDL
d. Triglycerides

C