alliteration
repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of words
onomatopoeia
words that imitate sounds
repetition
use of a word in a poem more than once
meter
pattern of accented and unaccented or stressed and unstressed syllables; ___________ creates rhythm
rhythm
sound pattern created by combining stressed and unstressed syllables
rhyme
a repeating sound in two or more words, as in bat, cat, hat or row, bow
rhyme scheme
pattern of rhymes, as in aabbaabb
chronological sequence
events in the order in which they occur
connotation
the feels and associations a word evokes; can be positive or negative
denotation
dictionary definition
sensory language
language that appeals to your senses
images
pictures poets create with their words
literal language
language that means exactly what it says
figurative language
language not meant to be taken literally
speaker
person that narrates the poem
tone
writer's attitude toward his or her subject (joyful, lonely, sarcastic)
hyperbole
an exaggeration
idiom
an expression whose meaning is not predictable from the literal meaning (break a leg, spill the beans)
personification
animal, object, or idea is given human qualities
simile
comparison using like or as to show a similar quality in two unlike things
metaphor
makes a comparison like a simile, but without using like or as
verbal irony
what is said is the opposite of what is meant
free verse
poetry written without rules about form, rhyme, rhythm, meter, etc.
haiku
a 3 line Japanese poem that is often about nature; the first and third lines contain 5 syllables, the second line contains 7 syllables
limerick
a poem of 5 lines; lines 1, 2, 5 rhyme with 3 beats; lines 3, 4 rhyme with 2 beats, always a lighthearted poem
narrative poem
tells a story in verse; similar to a short story
lyric poem
poem expresses the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker in musical verse
concrete poem
poem is shaped to look like its subject; words create a picture on the page
stanza
a group of lines that work together to express a central idea; stanzas are like paragraphs
lines
groups of words that help create rhythm and emphasis