the way in which an author presents and defines characters
Characterization
what the character says and does and what others day about or how others react to the character and how a character responds to events in a plot
Indirect Characterization
what the narrator reveals about the character directly
Direct Characterization
is two-dimensional in that he/she is relatively uncomplicated and does not change throughout th e course of a work
flat character
is complex and undergoes development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader
round character
one whose personality does not change throughout the events in the story's plot
static character
one who undergoes an important, internal change because of the action in the plot
dynamic character
the big idea or theme
message
why the author wrote the story
purpose
word choice (ex. Dr.Seuss when wording his books)
diction
language not meant to be taken literally (ex. stop bugging me)
figurative language
reference to history, mythology, religion, or literature
allusion
illustration of an idea by means of a more familiar idea that is similar or parallel (ex. conception of injustice = bad check)
analogy
addressing an absent figure or abstraction (ex. oh starbucks how i love u)
apostrophe
a comparison of two unlike things (at the buffet she was a pig)
metaphor
a metaphor defined with several examples (ex.life is a mountain, filled with switchbacks....)
extended metaphor
a comparison of two unlike things using the words like or as (ex. she moves like a snail)
simile
extreme exaggeration (im so hungry i could eat a horse)
hyperbole
any description that appeals to one of the five senses: visual, auditory, tactile gustatory, or olfactory
imagery
the placing of two or more things side by side for comparison (ex. bright scene v.s gloomy scene)
juxtaposition
conjoining contradictory terms (ex. a stop sign right beside a keep moving sign)
oxymoron
statement that seems impossible or not true but that proves true (ex. you can save money by spending it)
paradox
minimalizes a fact (ex. leg is broken in 3 places, its going to be a little bit sore)
understatement
in writing, the categories of delivery: narration, description, exposition, and persuasion.
mode
the art of persuasion (ex. the prosecutor gives a rhetoric to convince the jury that the criminal is guilty)
rhetoric
writing that exposes the failings of individuals, institutions, or societies to ridicule and scorn in order to change it (ex. SNL)
satire
blend of choices about diction, syntax, and figurative language unique to individuals
style
the way in which words or phrases are ordered and connected to form sentences; or the set of grammatical rules governing such order
syntax
rate at which a text develops based on length and arrangement of sentences
pacing
repeating of a word or phrase for emphasis (ex. Martin Luther King repeating freedom)
repetition
the arrangement of similarly constructed clauses or sentences suggesting some correspondence between them (ex. Kate s fast, efficient, and courteous. Kate works quickly, efficiently, and courteously. )
parallelism
the specific words, incidents, images or events the author uses to create a scene or narrative
selection of detail
a devie that serves as a unifying agent in conveying a theme
motif
the organizational principles of a text
structure
a character who contrasts with another character in order to particular qualities or the other character (ex. pumba = simone)
foil
an idea r feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal meaning (ex. your a chicken to a person)
connotation
the literal or primary meaning of a word (ex. your a chicken to a chicken)
denotation
narrative composed from personal experiences
memoir
shows the attitudes towards the subject
tone
involves putting the main ideas into your own words, including only the main points, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source, summaries are shorter than book
summary
involves putting a passage from source material into your own words. a Paraphrase must also be attributed to the original source
paraphrase
detailed examination of the elements or structure of something, typically as a basis for discussion or interpretation
analysis