**** poetry

alliteration

the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words

allegory

using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction - in addition to the literal meaning

allusion

a direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art

anaphora

one of the devices of repetition, in which the same expression is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences

ballad

tells story, folktale, short and musical

apostrophe

a figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love; it's an address to someone or something that cannot answer; that effect is to give, vent to, or give intense emotion

apotheosize

when an individual is elevated to a god-like status

concrete poetry

makes a shape

conceit

a fanciful expression in writing or speech; an elaborate metaphor

connotation

the nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning

consonance

the recurrence of similar sounds, especially consonants, in close proximity

couplet

two successive lines of verse that form a unit, marked by rhythmic correspondence or rhyme

dramatic monologue

a poem in the form of a speech or narrative by an imagined person, in which the speaker inadvertently reveals aspects of their character while describing a particular situation or series of events; reveals character's thoughts

dramatic poetry

any drama that is written in verse that is meant to be recited; tells story, characters speak

elegy

a sad poem, usually written to praise and express sorrow for someone who is dead

figurative language

uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation

literal language

means exactly what it says

haiku

a traditional form of Japanese poetry; consist of 3 lines- first and last lines have 5 syllables and the middle line has 7 syllables; The lines rarely rhyme

hyperbole

a figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement

idyll

an extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque episode or scene, typically an idealized or unsustainable one

lyric poetry

a formal type of poetry which expresses personal emotions or feelings, typically spoken in the first person; expression of one's soul

metaphor

a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable

metonymy

a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it

ode

a lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter

onomatopoeia

a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words

oxymoron

a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradict terms to suggest a paradox

paradox

a statement that appears to be contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity

parody

a work that closely imitates the style of content of another with the specific aim of come effect and/or ridicule

personification

a figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions

pun

a play on words in which a humorous effect is produced by using a word that suggests two or more meanings or by explaining similar sounding words having different meanings

refrain

a repeated line or number of lines in a poem or song, typically at the end of each verse

rhyme

correspondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used at the ends of lines of poetry

end rhyme

comes at the end of the two successive lines

internal rhyme

occurs within a single line or a verse

rhyme scheme

the ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse

rhythm

pattern of stresses and un-stresses

iamb

a metrical foot consisting of one short (or unstressed) syllable followed by one long (or stressed) syllable; smile THEN accent

trochee

a foot consisting of one long (or stressed) syllable followed by one short (or unstressed) syllable; accent THEN smile

meter

the rhythm of a piece of poetry, determined by the number and length of feet in a line; arrangement of stresses that achieves order

tetrameter

a verse of four measures

pentameter

a verse consisting of five metrical feet

scan

analyze the meter of (a line of verse) by reading with the emphasis on its rhythm or by examining the pattern of feet or syllables; conform to metrical principles

simile

a figure of speech that makes a comparison, showing similarities between two different things, using "like" or "as

sonnet

14 line poem written in iambic pentameter, which employ one of several rhyme schemes and adhere to a tightly structured thematic organization

Shakespearean sonnet

14 lines; written in iambic pentameter; each line consists of ten syllables; problem in first 8 lines-solution in last 6 lines

stanza

a group of lines forming the basic recurring metrical unit in a poem; a verse

quatrain

a stanza of four lines, especially one having alternate rhymes

symbol

anything that represents itself & stands for something else

synecdoche

a type of metaphor in which the part stands for the whole/the whole for a part

tone

the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc.

verse

writing arranged with a metrical rhythm, typically having a rhyme

voice (speaker)

the form or format through which narrators tell their stories

wit

a statement that is humorous, while suggesting the speaker's verbal power in creating ingenious & perceptive remarks