_or more decayed, missing, or filled _ tooth surfaces in a child_ months of a age or younger
1, primary, 71
The first teeth affected by ECC are?
Man prim anteriors
What is the bacteria species directly related to ECC
M strep
What is disease progression
Subsurface demineralization to frank cavitation in 6 months
List 4 ECC risk factors
1 sleep with a bottle
2 sleep with parents
3 salty foods
4 siblings with caries
5 strong temper
6 born premature
ECC process
_ liquid collects around primary maxillary teeth
_ primary _ are in salivary _ area
Pooling
Maxillary, incisors, deficient
What is the initial lesion called and where is it located?
Brandon cavitation
Lingual surfaces
List three things to look for on tooth surfaces that may be signs of ECC
1 discoloration
2 white spots on cervical 3rds
Chipping
Primary dentition is important because
It maintains the space for permanent teeth
Three ways to prevent ECC
1 no bottle at night
2 no feeding on demand
3 no salty crackers
4 don't share utensils
5 parents chew xletol
Non nutritive sucking habits are linked to
Pacifiers
Fingers
Thumbs
Changes in primary dentition can occur if non nutritive sucking habits are not discontinued by age _ depends on:
1
2
3
4-5
1 intensity
2 force
3 duration
4 frequency
Recommendations to parents on pacifiers
1
2
3
Wash it a lot
Not around the neck
No sweeteners
2 reasons restorations fail
1 recurrent decay
2 restorations fracture
Why is surgical intervention not the best way to treat chronic dental disease?
It only treats the symptoms
Focusing on caries infection control could result in a _ % reduction in a restorationplacement
50
New caries treatments are aimed at
1 preventing disease
2 control and managing the disease ( bacteria)
Pre adolescent children tend to contract
Pit and fissure caries
Diagnosis is the critical step in _ and _ caries
Preventing and managing
Detection of frank caries involves
1 change in color
2 break in enamel
3 X-ray, if caries has gone to DEJ
Diagnosis of a caries lesion involves
1 activity of the lesion
2 patient related factors
- biological
-behavioral
Key risk indicators
1 diet
2 snacking
3 xerostomia
4 fluoride intake
5 orthodontics
6 root exposure
CAMBRA stands for
Caries
Management
By
Risk
Assessment
Two rational for for not using an explorer in caries detection
1 increase cavitation
2 inoculates every other tooth in the mouth
Occult decay is
Decay found radiographically only after it has reached the dentin
What are two caries detection methods
1 transillumination
2 diagnoDENT
What are the three caries protective factors
1 sealants
2 fluoride exposure
3 antimicrobials
Xylitol has been proven to be a good anti caries product by the inability of amylase to
Break down xylitol for bacteria to use as a nutrient source
Fluoride has been shown to be the most beneficial in the prevention of caries in
Elderly
In caries management, medical and dental histories should include
1 past and present caries
2 patient knowledge
3 dietary screening
Sealant placement is important because it
Is a physical barrier against bacteria and food source in pits and fissures
For high risk patients CHX is recommended
1/2 ounce
2 times a day
For 14 days
_ is the highest uptake of any professional fluoride application
Fluoride varnish
Baking soda is recommended for high risk patients because
It increases pH at night
What are the 10 steps to caries management
1 medical and dental histories
2 quadrant restorations
3 CHX for 2 weeks
4 antimicrobials, sealants
5 CHX Ceratec, varnish, flu2
6 xylitol 6-10g per day
7 MI paste (has a high concentration of calcium and phosphate
8 fluoride rinse for remineralization
9b
What are carious lesions
The clinical manifestations of bacterial infections that have progressed to the point of irreversibility
What are New caries treatments today are aimed at?
Promoting the maintenance of an intact natural dentition
Controlling the bacteria involved in the decay process
What is the dental caries pattern in
Children
Young adults
Older adults
Children: pit and fissure
Young adults : interproximal caries
Older adults : coronal/recurrent /root caries
What is the critical step in preventing and managing caries
Diagnosis
Overall assessment of
Caries risk and activity in the patient
How do you determine caries risk
Look for demin.
PH test
Other restorations
Fluoridated water
Sealants or not
What does diagnoses involve?
More than finding a lesion
Detection ( color change' break in the enamel, pt related factors)
Activity (progressing slowly, or already arrested ) ( diagnosing the activity of a lease on involves the caries risk)
What are the diagnostic AIDS
Visual examination of air dried tooth
Adjunctive radiographic methods
Knowledge of previous and recent caries history
Bacteriologic assessment and monitoring
What should caries risk assessment be used for?
To evaluate the degree of the patients future caries risk
To identify the main etiological factors
Assess the efficacy of the treatment and plan future changes
What are the key caries risk indicators
Oral hygiene status
Exposure to fluoride
Prolonged nursing
Enamel defects
Defective restorations
Irregular dental visits
Orthodontic treatments
Mental and physical disabilities
Root exposure
Salivary dysfunction
Cariogenic diet
Bacterial virulence
What are the components of CAMBRA
Risk assessment
Repairing early damage with remineralization
Minimally invasive restorative techniques
Why is xylitol used to combat tooth decay
Xylitol is not utilized Mutans streptococcus and lactobacillus in their metabolism