Drugs for chronic exacerbation of bronchitis (3)
� Amoxicillin
� A tetracycline ( - cycline)
� A macrolide ( - mycin)
Examples of tetracyline antibiotics
Tetracyline, doxycycline
Example of macrolide antibiotic
- mycin
� Azithromycin
� Clarithromycin
� Erythromycin
Treatment for low severity CAP
Single course antibiotic for 4 days: Penicillin, macrolide, tetracyline
Treatment for moderate/severe CAP
Dual therpay anitbiotics 7 days
Penicillin, macrolide, tetracyclin
Treatment for HAP if late diagnosis/antibiotics given recently
Co-trimoxazole
Short acting Beta-2 Adrenoceptor agonists used to treat asthma
� Salbutamol
� Terbutaline
Long acting Beta-2 Adrenoceptor agonists used to treat asthma
� Formoterol
� Salmeterol
Non -selective Beta-adrenoceptor agonists
� Isoprenaline
� Adrenaline
Example of Xanthine drugs used to treat asthma
� Theophylline
� Aminophylline
Which drug has a very narrow therapeutic window and is metabolised by P450 enzymes in the liver?
Theophylline
Muscarinic antagonist drugs used to treat asthma
- Ipatropium bromide (Atrovent)
-
Tiotropium
Examples 2 cystienyl leukotriene antagonists
Monteleukast
Zileutin
3 inhaled glucocorticoids used to treat asthma
� Fluticasone
� BDP -
Beclometasone Diproprionate
e*
� Budesonide
Oral systemic glucocorticoid uses to treat asthma (2)
- Prendisone
- Prendisolone
IV glucocorticoids used to treat asthma
Hydrocortisone
Examples drugs used to treat COPD
Tiotropium - no effect on inflammation
3 clinically used tussitives
- Codeine
- Morphine
-
Dextromethorpan/ pholcodine
Local anaesthetics used to prevent cough reflex during surgery
- Tetracaine
- Lidocaine
- Benzocaine
2 examples of expectorants
� Iodides
� Guafenesin
Example short acting decongestant and mechanism of action
-Oxymetazoline hydrochloride
Example long acting decongestant mechanism of action
- Pseudoepinephrine
Receptors in the chemical trigger zone
D-2 and 5-HT4
Receptors in the vestibular nuclei (emetic drugs)
M-ACh and H-1
Receptors in the nucleus of solitary tract (emetic drugs)
M-ACh and H-1
Give 3 examples D-2 Receptor antagonists used as anti-emetics
� Metachlopromide
� Acepromazine
� Chlorpromazine
3 examples of 5-HT receptor antagonists used as an anti-emetic
� Odansteron
� Naboline (actually cananbanoid receptor agonist)
� Cisapride
Corticosteroid used as an anti-emetic
Dexamethsone
3 Histamine receptor antagonists used to as an anti-emetic
� Promethazine
� Cyclizine
� Diphenhydramine
Anti-muscarinic used as an anti-emetic
� Hyoscine
Give example 2 clinically used emetic drugs
� Ipecachuana
� Apomorphine