Hydrology Science Test Review

What do we call an area of land that is drained by a specified river or other body of water?

Watershed

In some lakes, excessive blooms of algae appear when human activity causes degradation of water quality resulting in conditions more favorable for algae growth. Which human activity primarily causes this problem?

farming

Corn is widely being used in the United States to make ethanol for use in automobile fuel. How might the overproduction of corn negatively affect the environment?

decreasing soil fertility

The Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current in the North Atlantic that flows from the Gulf of Mexico, northeast along the U.S. coast, and from there to the British Isles. The Gulf Stream has a strong effect on the climate pattern in the British Isles.
Which c

Summer in Great Britain is warmer and wetter than other places of similar latitude.

what is recharge?

hydrologic process where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater. Recharge is the primary method through which water enters an aquifer .

Surface currents are caused by ________ and deep currents are caused by __________.

wind, density

In 1972 an important piece of environmental legislation was passed. It was the ______________.

Clean Water Act

A farmer in California's Central Valley is evaluating irrigation systems for lettuce fields. The farmer is most interested in installing a system that will deliver the most amount of water to crops with the least amount of water loss to the rest of the en

a drip system that uses tubing to inject water into the soil next to crops

Aquifers store ____ water.

ground

At a city council meeting, a developer outlines plans for a new shopping area. Residents speaking at the meeting voice their concerns that the development will increase runoff and pollute bodies of water in the area. The developer could address their conc

wetlands that surround the development

Which human activity can speed up the process of eutrophication?

Farming

A large company constructs a deep well to obtain water for industrial use. The location of the well is shown in the figure below.
What is one benefit to the company of placing the well where they did instead of making the well shallower?

Drought should have less of an effect on the amount of water produced by the well.

What would most likely result if more farms were developed along river basins in North Carolina?

an increase in water pollution

Why are surface currents at the surface of the ocean?

warmer temperature & less salinty

Look at the diagram to answer the question that follows.
If a northern coastline such as the Norway coast is located near a warm ocean current

the climate will be warmer than normal for that latitude.

The California Current (west coast) carries _________ water from canada

cold

Which of the following is not a permeable surface?

pavement

The natural process of eutrophication is accelerated when you add

phosphorus and nitrogen

An area of land that drains into a body of water.

watershed

What is a simple definition of a wetland?

low lying lands with spongy soil that are wet for a certain time every year

I am an island made of sand that protects the mainland from waves.What am I?

barrier island

Wetlands are like sponges because:

Wetlands are like sponges because:

How will the presence of power plants burning fossil fuels most likely affect the water cycle?

Sulfur and nitrogen emissions will dissolve in rainwater to form acid rain.

A dangerous current that flows away from the beach carrying sand and water.

rip current

What does water quality tell us?

It tells us how healthy water is

Which causes a decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in a lake?

fertilizer runoff

In the hydrologic cycle, which process contributes to a decrease in groundwater levels?

evaporation

How does strean suspension vary?

Volume and velocity

Which of the following is NOT a way a stream carries its load?
a) solution
b) suspension
c) deposition
d) bed load

d) bed load

Without oceans, the temperatures of Earth would vary widely from temperatures that currently exist. Which characteristic of the ocean most likely helps to maintain the temperatures of Earth?

evaporation of ocean water

Because water is able to exist in the liquid phase on Earth, water helps to moderate temperatures across the entire planet. Which statement best illustrates this link between water in the liquid phase and moderation of temperatures?

Ocean currents circulate heat away from the equator

Both southern California and southern Nevada are arid to semi-arid regions. Which of these has a large influence on the climate in southern California but has little influence on the climate in southern Nevada?

proximity to the ocean

Pollutants from a highway enter a stream or creek and travel to a river. River water tested with the pollutant found is called

nonpoint source pollution

What type of water would be found in an estuary?

Brackish (partially salty) Water

The large, circular surface-current pattern found in each ocean.

gyre

Warm ocean currents generally come from

the equator

What is the most important way an artificial reef, such as a sunken ship or railroad car, may support the development of a complex ecosystem?

by providing habitat for algae and small invertebrates

When roads built of concrete and asphalt are made, how does that affect the Hydrologic Cycle?

HELP HELP HELP

Surface currents are a result of

global wind patterns

What characteristic of water causes sediments to travel?

Currents (movement of water)

What is a possible consequence of the destruction of a marsh?

decreased filtering of water

Cold ocean currents generally come from

Both North and South Pole

The REUWS study examined residential water use in North America in 1999. This study measured gallons of water used per household per day (gphd) in twelve cities. Researchers repeated the study in certain cities in 2012. The graph compares the results of t

clothes washer manufacturers

Water stored behind the dam is known as ..............

Water reservoir

What does stream carrying capacity depend on?

Velocity and amount of water

Officials hire private contractors to monitor drinking water safety in the suburbs of a large city. These suburbs are mainly residential, with some schools, shopping malls, and light industrial plants. The contractors determine that the drinking water sam

homeowners

Vetiver grass is planted by farmers along the borders of corn fields.
Which process does the vetiver grass most likely help farmers reduce?

water erosion

The build up of nutrients in a lake is a process called ________________.

eutrophication

The ability of a material to transmit water through interconnected pores is called

permeability

What is surface runoff?

Water from precipitation that flows over the land surface

Five provinces of Virginia are shown below. The Fall Line is an area of waterfalls and rapids in rivers that flow down into the Coastal Plain.
From the figure, infer which province of Virginia would have the shallowest water table.

Coastal Plain

What is a partially enclosed body of water that has a mixture of salt water from the ocean and fresh water from rivers and streams?

Estuary

What do we call the land area that supplies water to a river system?

watershed

What will most likely happen if a warm ocean current travels north or south from the equator?

The current will become cooler, causing it to become more dense and sink.

Deep Ocean currents are a result of

Density

Kelly wants to build a small koi fish pond in her backyard. What natural material should she line her pond with to make sure that no water leaks out of the pond through gravitational water flow?

clay

If people in an area have limited access to freshwater resources, what will most likely result?

a decrease in sanitation and increase in disease in the area