Vocab for Midterm

abjunct

(n.) something added to something else as helpful or useful but not essential; an assistant

bellwether

(n.) the male sheep that leads the flock to the slaughterhouse

effete

(adj.) lacking in wholesome vigor or energy

fait accompli

(n.) an accomplished and presumably irreversible deed, fact, or action

hierarchy

(n.) any system of things or people arranged or graded one above another in order of rank, wealth, class, etc.

Liturgy

A religious service or right; ritual worship

Morass

(n.) a patch of low, soft, wet ground; a swamp; a confusing situation in which one is entrapped, as in quicksand

Quasi

(adj.) resembling but not actually being; seemingly but not actually or completely

Ribald

irreverently mocking; vulgar

supine

lying flat on one's back

vignette

(n.) a short description or sketch

aegis

(n.) protection; patronage; sponsorship

apprise

(v.) to inform of; to make aware of by giving oral or written notice

bibulous

(adj.) fond of or inclined to drink; absorbent

Claque

(n.) a group of people hired to applaud a performer or performance

indigenous

originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.

lexicon

(n.) a dictionary of a language; the special vocabulary of a person, group, or subject; a compendium

melee

(n.) a confused struggle; a violent free-for-all; a tumultuous mingling

microcosm

a miniature world or universe; a group or system viewed as the model of a larger group or system

minuscule

very small; tiny

Paternalism

(n.) the policy or practice of treating or governing people in the manner of a father dealing with his children

Polarize

to cause to concentrate around two conflicting or contrasting positions; to cause light to vibrate in a pattern

sanguine

(adj.) having a ruddy complexion

condescend

(v.) to come down or stoop voluntarily to a lower level; to deal with people in a patronizing manner

enclave

(n.) an enclosed district, region, or area inhabited by a particular group of people or having a special character

forte

a person's strong point; what a person does best

gratis

free; without charge

macrocosm

(n.) the universe considered as a whole; the entire complex structure of something

plethora

(n.) overfullness; superabundance; superfluity

pragmatic

(adj.) concerned with practical considerations or values; dealing with actions and results rather than with abstract theory; stiff in one's opinion

rapacity

(n.) inordinate greed; the disposition to obtain one's desires by force, extortion, or plunder

schism

(n.) a formal split within a religious organization; any division or separation of a group or organization into hostile factions

therapeutic

(adj.) having the power to heal or cure; beneficial

virtuoso

(n.) a brilliant performer; a person with masterly skill or technique; (adj.) masterly or brilliant

Affinity

(n.) a natural attraction to a person, thing, or activity; a relationship, connection

corollary

(n.) a proposition that follows from one already proven; a natural consequence or result; (adj.) resultant or consequent

cul-de-sac

(n.) a blind alley or dead-end street; any situation in which further progress is impossible; an impasse

divination

(n.) the art or act of predicting the future or discovering hidden knowledge

elixir

(n.) a potion once thought capable of curing all ills and maintaining life indefinitely; a panacea; a sweet liquid used as a vehicle in medicines

gamut

an entire range or series

lucubration

(n.) laborious study or thought, especially at night; the result of such work

mnemonic

(adj.) relating to or designed to assist the memory; (n.) a device to aid the memory

obloquy

(n.) public abuse indicating strong disapproval or censure; the disgrace resulting from such treatment

Parameter

(n.) a determining or characteristic element; a factor that shapes the total outcome; a limit, boundary

pundit

(n.) a learned person; one who gives authoritative opinions

risible

(adj.) pertaining to laughter; able or inclined to laugh; laughable

symptomatic

(adj.) typical or characteristic; being or concerned with a symptom of a disease

aficionado

an enthusiastic and usually expert follower or fan

browbeat

to intimidate by a stern or overbearing manner; to bully

commensurate

equal in size, extent, duration, or importance; proportionate; measurable by the same standards

diaphanous

very sheer and light; almost completely transparent

foray

(n.) a quick raid, especially for plunder; a venture into some field of endeavor; (v.) to make such a raid

Genre

(n.) a type, class, or variety, especially a distinctive category of literary composition; a style of painting in which everyday scenes are realistically depicted

homily

(n.) a sermon stressing moral principles; a tedious moralizing lecture or discourse

insouciant

(adj.) blithely indifferent or unconcerned; carefree; happy-go-lucky

Matrix

a mold; the surrounding situation or environment

obsequies

funeral rites or ceremonies

panache

a confident and stylish manner, dash; a strikingly elaborate or colorful display

commensurate

equal in size, extent, duration, or importance; proportionate; measurable by the same standards

diaphanous

very sheer and light; almost completely transparent

foray

(n.) a quick raid, especially for plunder; a venture into some field of endeavor; (v.) to make such a raid

Genre

(n.) a type, class, or variety, especially a distinctive category of literary composition; a style of painting in which everyday scenes are realistically depicted

homily

(n.) a sermon stressing moral principles; a tedious moralizing lecture or discourse

insouciant

(adj.) blithely indifferent or unconcerned; carefree; happy-go-lucky

Matrix

a mold; the surrounding situation or environment

obsequies

funeral rites or ceremonies

panache

a confident and stylish manner, dash; a strikingly elaborate or colorful display

Persona

a character in a novel or play; the outward character or role that a person assumes

vicissitude

a change or variation; ups and downs

abortive

failing to accomplish an intended aim or purpose; only partially or imperfectly developed

contumelious

insolent or rude in speech or behavior; insultingly abusive; humiliating

dictum

a short saying; an authoritative statement

ensconce

to settle comfortably and firmly in position; to put or hide in a safe place

iconoclastic

attacking or seeking to overthrow popular or traditional beliefs, ideas, or institutions

In medias res

in or into the middle of a plot; into the middle of things

internecine

mutually destructive; characterized by great slaughter and bloodshed

maladroit

(adj.) lacking skill or dexterity; lacking tact, perception, or judgment

modulate

(v.) to change or vary the intensity or pitch; to temper or soften; to regulate, adjust

quid pro quo

something given in exchange or return for something else

salubrious

conducive or favorable to health or well-being

touchstone

a means of testing worth or genuineness

ambivalent

having opposite and conflicting feelings about someone or something

carte blanche

full freedom or authority to act at one's own discretion

cataclysm

a sudden, violent, or devastating upheaval; a surging flood, deluge

eclat

(n.) dazzling or conspicuous success or acclaim; great brilliance (of performance or achievement)

fastidious

overly demanding or hard to please; excessively careful in regard to details; easily disgusted

gambol

to jump or skip about playfully

Imbue

to soak or stain thoroughly; to fill the mind

lampoon

a malicious satire

malleable

(adj.) capable of being formed into different shapes; capable of being altered, adapted, or influenced

philistine

(adj.) lacking in, hostile to, or smugly indifferent to cultural and artistic values or refinements; (n.) such a person

queasy

(adj.) nauseated or uneasy; causing nausea or uneasiness; troubled

savoir-faire

the ability to say and do the right thing in any situation; social competence

aberration

(n.) a departure from what is proper, right, expected, or normal; a lapse from a sound mental state

ad hoc

for a specific purpose or situation

bane

(n.) the source or cause of fatal injury, death, destruction, or ruin; death or ruin itself; poison

bathos

(n.) the intrusion of commonplace or trite material into a context whose tone is lofty or elevated; grossly insincere or exaggerated sentimentality; the lowest phase, nadir; an anticlimax, comedown

cantankerous

(adj.) ill-tempered, quarrelsome; difficult to get along or deal with

casuistry

(n.) the determination of right and wrong in questions of conduct or conscience by the application of general ethical principles; specious argument

empathy

a sympathetic understanding of or identification with the feelings, thoughts, or attitudes of someone or something else

harbinger

(n.) a forerunner, herald

hedonism

the belief that the attainment of pleasure is life's chief aim; devotion to or pursuit of pleasure

lackluster

lacking brilliance or vitality; dull

malcontent

(adj.) discontented with or in open defiance of prevailing conditions

nepotism

(n.) undue favoritism to or excessive patronage of one's relatives

pander

To cater to or provide satisfaction for the low tastes or vices of others

remand

(v.) to send or order back; in law, to send back to jail or to a lower court

syndrome

A group of symptoms or signs that collectively characterizes or indicates a diseases, disorder, abnormality, etc.