Chapter 18: Advertising and Public Relations

Advertising

Paid nonpersonal communication about an organization and its products transmitted to a target audience through mass media

Institutional Advertising

Advertising that promotes organizational images, ideas, and political issues

Advocacy Advertising

Advertising that promotes a company's position on a public issue

Product Advertising

Advertising that promotes the uses, features, and benefits of products

Pioneer Advertising

Advertising that tries to stimulate demand for a product category rather than a specific brand by informing potential buyers about the product

Competitive Advertising

Tries to stimulate demand for a specific brand by promoting its features, uses, and advantages relative to competing brands

Comparative Advertising

Compares the sponsored brand with one or more identified brands on the basis of one or more product characteristics

Reminder Advertising

Advertising used to remind consumers about an established brands uses, characteristics, and benefits

Reinforcement Advertising

Advertising that assures users they choose the right brand and tells them how to get the most satisfaction from it

Advertising Campaign

The creation and execution of a series of advertisements to communicate with a particular target audience

Target Audience

The group of people at whom advertisements are aimed

Advertising Platform

Basic issues or selling points to be included in an advertising campaign

Advertising Appropriation

The advertising budget for a specific time frame

Objective-and-Task Approach

Budgeting for an advertising campaign by first determining its objectives and then calculating the cost of all the tasks needed to obtain them

Percent-of-Sales Approach

Budgeting for an advertising campaign by multiplying the firm's past and expected sales by a standard percentage

Competition-Matching Approach

Determining an advertising budget by trying to match competitor's advertising outlays

Arbitrary Approach

Budgeting for and advertising campaign as specified by a high-level executive in the firm

Media Plan

A plan that specifies the media vehicles to be used and the schedule for running advertisements

Cost Comparison Indicator

A means of comparing the costs of advertising vehicles in a specific medium in relation to the number of people reached

Regional Issues

Versions of a magazine that differ across geographic regions

Copy

The verbal portion of advertisements

Storyboard

A blueprint that combines copy and visual material to the show the sequence of major scenes in a commercial

Artwork

An advertisements illustrations and layout

Illustrations

Photos, drawings, graphs, charts, and tables used to spark audience interest in an advertisement

Layout

The physical arrangement of an advertisement's illustration and copy

Pretest

Evaluation of advertisements performed before a campaign begins

Consumer Jury

A panel of a product's existing or potential buyers who pretest ads

Posttest

Evaluation of advertising effectiveness after the campaign

Recognition Test

A posttest in which respondents are shown the actual ad and are asked if the recognize it

Unaided Recall Test

A posttest in which respondents are asked to identify advertisements they are seen recently but are not given and recall clues

Aided Recall Test

A posttest that asks respondents to identify recent ads and provides clues to jog their memories

Public Relations

Communication efforts ised to create and maintain favorable relations between and organization and its stakeholders

Publicity

A new story type of communication about an organization and/or its products transmitted through a mass medium at no charge

News Release

A short piece of copy publicizing an event or product

Feature Article

A manuscript of up to 3,000 words prepared for a specific publication

Captioned Photograph

A photograph with a brief description of its contents

Press Conference

A meeting used to announce major news events