Street Law Chapter 08 Introduction to Criminal Law

State of mind

what you are thinking; most crimes require that the actor have a guilty state of mind, meaning that he or she purposefully commits the prohibited act

Motive

the reasons a person commits a crime

Strict liability

the legal responsibility for damage or injury even if you are not negligent

Elements

the conditions that make an act unlawful

Felony

a serious criminal offense, punishable by a prison sentence of more than one year

Misdemeanor

a criminal offense, less serious than a felony, punishable by a prion sentence of one year or less

Principal

the person who commits a crime

Accomplice

a person who voluntarily helps another person commit a crime; unlike an accessory, an accomplice is usually present or directly aids in the crime

Accessory before the fact

a person who helps commit a crime but usually is not present. One who encourages, orders, or helps plan a crime.

Accessory after the fact

a person who helps commit a crime but usually is not present. Someone who, knowing a crime has been committed, helps conceal the crime or the criminal

Crime of omission

failing to perform an act required by criminal law

Solicitation

the act of requesting or strongly urging someone to do something. If the request is to do something illegal, solicitation is considered a crime

Attempt

an effort to commit a crime that goes beyond mere preparation but does not result in the commission of the crime

Conspiracy

an agreement between two or more persons to commit a crime along with a substantial act toward committing the crime

Misprision of felony

federal crime, punishable by up to three years in prison, for not providing the government with information a person knows regarding the commission of another crime

Overt

open, clear (For example, an overt act in criminal law is more than mere preparation to do something; it is at least the first step of actually attempting the crime)

crime

an act or failure to act that violates a law and for which a government has set a penalty (usually a fine, jail, or probation)