Caring
a universal phenomenon influencing the ways in which people think, feel, and behave in relation to one another
Leininger's concept of care
the concept of care as the essence and central, unifying, and dominant domain that that distinguishes nurses from other health disciplines. Care is the essential human need and is necessary for the health and survival of all individuals.
Watson's transpersonal caring
Looks beyond the client's disease and its treatment by conventional means. It looks for deeper sources of inner healing to protect, enhance and preserve a person's dignity, humanity, wholeness, and inner harmony.
Watson's 'transformative model'
A connection between the one being cared for and the one caring. The relationship influences both the nurse and the client, for better or worse
What are the 5 categories of Swanson's theory of caring?
1. knowing
2. being with
3. doing for
4. enabling
5. maintaining belief
'knowing' category of Swanson's theory of caring
striving to understand an event as it has meaning in the life of the other
'being with' category of Swanson's theory of caring
being emotionally present to the other
'doing for' category of Swanson's theory of caring
doing for the other as he or she would do for the self if it were at all possible
'enabling' category of Swanson's theory of caring
facilitating the others' passage through life transitions
'maintaining belief' category of Swanson's theory of caring
sustaining faith in the other's capacity to get through an event or transition and face a future with meaning
task oriented touch
when performing a task or a procedure, the skillful and gentle performance of a nursing procedure conveys security and a sense of competence
caring touch
a form of nonverbal communication, which successfully influences the clients comfort and security, enhances self esteem, and improves reality orientation
protective touch
used to protect the nurse and/or client, it can be positively or negatively viewed
concept of presence
person to person encounter that conveys a closeness and a sense of caring. involves being there and being with
what does listening involve? (1-3)
1. taking in what a client says
2. an interpretation and understanding of what the client is saying
3. giving back that understanding to the person who is speaking
when a caring relationship is established, the client and nurse come to know each other so that both are moving toward a healing relationship by: (1-4)
1. mobilizing hope for the client and the nurse
2. finding an interpretation or understanding of illness, symptoms, or emotions that is acceptable
3. assisting the client using social, emotional, or spiritual resources
4. recognizing that caring relations
list 11 caring behaviors that are perceived by families
1. being honest
2. advocate for clients care preferences
3. giving clear explanations
4. keeping family members informed
5. make the patient comfortable
6. showing interest in answering questions honestly
7. provide necessary emergency care
8. client priv
___ offer nurses a rich, holistic understanding of nursing practice and caring through the interpretation of nursing stories. described the essence of nursing, which is caring
Patricia Benner
From a transcultural perspective, ___ describes the concept of care as the essence and central, unifying, and dominant domain that distinguishes nursing from other health disiplines
Madeline Leininger
an act of caring is dependent on the __, __, and __ of the client
needs, problems, and values
caring helps to __, __, __, and __ people. It is and __ human need
-protect, develop, nurture and sustain
-essential
What can you do to get to know your patient best?
develop a trusting relationship
Jean Watson's theory of caring
holistic model that suggests that a conscious intention to care promotes healing and wholeness
Jean Watson's theory of caring
the theory integrates human caring processes with healing environments, incorporating the life-generating and life-receiving processes of human caring
In Watson's view, a connection forms between the one cared for and the one caring. the model is __, because the relationship influences both the nurse and the client
transformative
Kristen Swanson's theory of caring
theory describes caring as consisting of five categories or processes.
Kristen Swanson's thoery of caring
defines caring as a nurturing way of relating to a valued other, toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and responsibility. theory supports the claim that caring is a central nursing phenomenon but not necessarily unique to nursing practice
What are some barriers to patient centered caring? (1-6)
1. language
2. culture
3. lack of time
4. technology
5. "its not my job" mentality
6. nursing staff shortage
what are some recurrent caring behaviors that clients value? (1-3)
1. establishing a reassuring presence
2. recognizing an individual as unique
3. keeping a close, attentive eye on the client
ethics
refers to the ideals of right and wrong
ethic of care
concerned with relationships between people and with nurse's character and attitude toward others
Nursing behaviors related to caring include: (1-3)
1. providing presence
2. caring touch
3. listening
when a nurse establishes presence, these thing act together to create an openess and understanding: (1-5)
1. eye contact
2. body language
3. voice tone
4. listening
5. having a positive and encouraging attitude
the use of touch is one __ approach where nurse reaches out to clients to communicate concern and support
comforting
touch involves __, and __ touch
contact and non-contact touch
contact touch
involves obvious skin-to-skin contact
non-contact touch
refers to eye contact
in caring relationship the nurse: (1-3)
1. establishes trust
2. opens lines of communication
3. listens to what client has to say
active listening
empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.
to know a client means that the nurse:(1-)
1. avoids assumptions
2. focuses on client
3. engages in a caring relationship with client that reveals information and cues that facilitate critical thinking and clinical judgments
spiritual health
occurs when a person finds a balance between his or her own life values, goals, and belief systems and those of others
intrapersonally
connected with oneself
interpersonally
connected with others and the environment
transpersonally
connected with the unseen, God, or a higher power