Joints

ctional classification of joints _______. Choose all answers that are correct.

is based on the amount of movement allowed.
includes synarthroses, amphiarthroses, and diarthroses.

Gomphoses, sutures, and syndesmoses ______.

are all types of fibrous joints.

An example of a syndesmosis that is diarthrotic is ______.

the interosseous membrane between the radius and ulna.

In an adult of age 25, which joints are synchondroses?

The joint between the first rib and manubrium.

A __________ is formed by the periodontal ligament that holds a tooth in its socket.

gomphosis

Synovial fluid is primarily a filtrate of __________.

blood

The general structural type of joint between articular processes of vertebrae is __________.

synovial

What is the function of the fibrous capsule of a synovial joint?

It strengthens the joint so that bones are not pulled apart.

Structures common to all synovial joints are _______. Select all answers that are correct.

the joint cavity and articular capsule.
nerves, blood vessels, and articular cartilage

In which joints are articulating surfaces a major contributor to joint stability? Choose all answers that are correct.

Elbow joint
Hip joint

A __________ is a flattened fibrous sac lined with a synovial membrane that occurs where ligaments, muscles, skin, tendons, or bones overlie each other and rub together.

bursa

s a rule, the more __________ a joint has, the more stable it is.

ligaments

Ligaments located on the medial or inferior side of a joint resist excessive __________.

abduction

Functional movement allowed at the sternocostal joints of ribs 2-7 is __________.

diarthrotic

Flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction are all examples of __________ movement.

angular

Extension

Increases the angle between the joining bones

Abduction

Movement of a limb away from the body midline.

Circumduction

Movement of a limb or finger so it describes a cone in space.

Elevation

Moving a body part superiorly.

Eversion

Turning the sole of the foot laterally.

Pronation

Rotating the forearm so the palm faces posteriorly.

During plantar flexion, ______.

the toes are pointed (foot is depressed).

Hinge joints ______.

include the elbow and interphalangeal joints.

Which factor contributes the most to the stability of the glenohumeral joint?

Muscle tendons that cross the shoulder joint.

The rotator cuff can be injured when ______.

a baseball player overuses his or her pitching arm.

Which of the following movements cannot occur at either the radiocarpal or intercarpal joints?

Rotation

Elbow joint

Anular ligament.

Glenohumeral joint

Most moveable/least stable.

Knee

Structurally compound and bicondyloid.

Ankle

. Hinge joint between the united distal ends of tibia and fibula and the talus

Intertarsal joints

Inversion and eversion occur here.

Sternoclavicular joint

Contains articular disc; saddle joint.

_________ arthritis is a disorder characterized by uric acid buildup in body fluids and urate crystals precipitating in synovial membranes.

Gout

The __________ joint is the only bony articulation of the pectoral girdle to the axial skeleton.

sternoclavicular

Synovial joints develop from __________ that fills the spaces between cartilaginous "bone models" in the late embryo

mesenchyme

At the knee joint, the structures that stabilize the joint during flexion and extension and prevent side-to-side rocking of the femur on the tibia are __________.

menisci
meniscuses
articular discs

The role of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is to ______.

prevent anterior sliding of the tibia relative to the femur.

A severe lateral blow to the knee usually tears ______.

the ACL, tibial collateral ligament, and medial meniscus.

__________ is a condition in which scar tissue interconnects bone ends and ossifies, immobilizing a joint affected by rheumatoid arthritis.

Ankylosis

When you reach your arm forward, movement at the sternoclavicular joint includes ____________.

protraction of the sternoclavicular joint.