Anatomy of brain

Cerebrum

Largest part of brain, associated with higher brain function like thought and action, has 4 "lobes

frontal lobe

associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving

pariental lobe

sensory information ex:spatial sense

occipital lobe

visual processing

temporal lobe

auditory perception, speech and vision. key role in long term memory

Cerebullum

Balance, posture, coordination

limbic system

(includes the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus); associated with emotions and drives.

brain stem

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata functions in homeostasis, coordination of movement, and conduction of info.

Thalamus

the brain's sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla

Hypothalamus

homeostasis, secretes hormones of the posterior pituitary & release.

Amygdala

processing of emotions

Hippocampus

learning and memory
- long term memory consolidation

Midbrain

A small part of the brain above the pons that integrates sensory information and relays it upward.

Pons

A brain structure that relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain: arousal & sleep

medulla oblongata

Part of the brainstem that controls vital life-sustaining functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion.

pituitary gland

endocrine gland at the base of the brain (growth & development

Dorsal

top

Ventral

bottom

Caudal

to the back

Rostral

towards front

Posterior

toward the back

Anterior

toward the front

Superior

towards the top

Inferior

below

Medial

middle

Lateral

body borders

Ipsilateral

same side

Contralateral

opposite side

Proximal

near the point of attachment

Distal

away from the point of attachment

afferent

projecting towards

efferent

away from the brain

coronal slice

The coronal slice is cut in a vertical plane, parallel to face