Frontalis
covers the forehead
acts to raise the eyebrows and wrinkle the forehead
Occipitalis
covers the back of the head
pulls the scalp back posteriorly
Temporalis
fan shaped muscle that convers the temporal bone
closes the mouth
Zygomaticus
exends from the zygomatic bone down to the corner of the mouth
raises the lateral corners of the mouth up (smile)
Orbicularis oculi
Sphincter muscle that encircles
Closes eye
orbicularis oris
sphincter muscle that encircles the mouth
Involved in puckering, whistling and kissing
sternocleidomastoid
Attached to the mastoid process of the temporal bone, two "heads" extend and attach to the sternum and clavicle.
Flexes and laterally rotates the head.
masseter
Powerful muscle that covers the lateral mandible
Close jaw.
Platysma
Thin sheet like muscle that attaches to the mandible and runs to the fascia of the chest.
Tenses skin of the neck, helps to retract mandible and grimace.
Buccinator
Thin, horizontal cheek muscle, deep to masseter.
Pulls corner of mouth laterally.
trapezius
Large, flat triangular muscle covering the upper half of the back.
Raises, lowers and adducts the shoulder.
serratus anterior
Lies over the lateral part of the thorax, forms medial wall of axilla (armpit).
Holds scapula tight against chest wall, and adducts and raises the arm and works in horizontal arm movement (pushing, punching).
pectoralis major
Large fan shaped muscle covering the anterior chest.
Adducts and flexes the humerus. . Helps in climbing, throwing, pushing.
Teres major
Thick muscle on the back connecting the humerus to the tip of the scapula. Forms posterior wall of armpit.
Adducts and extends the humerus.
latissimus dorsi
Broad, flat, triangular muscle covering the lower back.
Adducts and extends the humerus. (as in hammering, rowing, swimming).
external oblique
Superficial sheet of muscle covering the lower abdomen. Fibers run down and medially. Rotates and flexes the vertebral column, compress the abdominal wall and increase the intra-abdominal pressure.
internal oblique
Sheet of muscle beneath the external oblique. Fibers run perpendicular to the external oblique (up and medially).
Same function as eternal oblique.
rectus abdominis
Strong up/down muscle of the medial abdomen.
Flexes the vertebral, compresses abdomen
deltoid
Thick muscle that forms the rounded shoulder mass.
Abducts the humerus. Site of intramuscular injections.
triceps brachii
Large three headed muscle on the posterior side of the upper arm.
Extends the forearm.
biceps brachii
Two headed muscle on anterior portion of upper arm.
Flexes the forearm
brachialis
Lies immediately beneath the biceps brachii on the distal humerus.
Main flexor of the forearm.
brachioradialis
Superficial muscle of the forearm.
Flexes the forearm.
supraspinatus
Rotator cuff muscle. Located deep to trapezius, posterior aspect of scapula.
Works to join humerus to scapula.
infraspinatus
Rotator cuff muscle. Partially covered by deltoid and trapezius.
Works to join humerus to scapula.
teres minor
Rotator cuff muscle. Small, elongated muscle; les inferior to infraspinatus.
Works to join humerus to scapula
subscapularis
Rotator cuff muscle. Forms posterior wall of axilla.
Works to join humerus to scapula.
gluteus medius
Lies beneath and lateral to the gluteus maximus.
Abducts the femur and holds leg steady when opposite leg swings when walking.
Safe injection site as compared to the Maximus as you are less likely to hit the sciatic nerve.
gluteus maximus
Forms the bulk of the buttocks mass.
Major extender of the femur. (pulls leg backwards, a in climbing stairs).
adductor longus
Connects the pubis to the femur, running down the medial front of the thigh.
Adducts femur.
rectus femoris
Quadriceps
Superficial muscle of the anterior thigh, running straight up and down.
Flexes femur and extends lower leg.
vastus lateralis
Quadriceps
Forms the lateral aspect of the thigh.
Flexes femur and extends lower leg.
Common site for injections.
vastus medialis
Forms inferomedial (below and toward the medial) aspect of thigh.
Flexes femur and extends lower leg.
gracilis
Long, thin, superficial muscle of the medial thigh.
Adducts femur.
tensor of fascia lata
Runs down the anterior lateral aspect of the thigh.
Acts to flex and abduct the thigh.
tibialis anterior
Suoerficial muscle of the anterior leg, laterally parallels sharp anterior margin of the tibia.
Dorsiflexes foot.
gastrocnemius
Two bellies forming the large proximal " calf muscle" of the back of the lower leg.
Acts to plantar flex the foot.
sartorius
Straplike superficial muscle running obliquely from the anterior iliac crest to the knee. Longest muscle, crosses both hip and. Knee joints.
Flexes femur and lower leg. R
semitendinosus
Hamstring.
Lies medial to the biceps femoris and superficial to the semimembranosus.
Extends femur and flexes lower leg.
semimembranosus
Hamstring
Deep to the semitendinosus. Extends femur and flexes lower leg.
biceps femoris
Hamstring.
Arises from two heads and runs down the posterior thigh, lateral of the midline. Extends femur and flexes lower leg.
Quadriceps
Includes the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius.
Hamstrings
Consists of the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus.