Educate clients and the public on strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease
Primary
Advocate for respite services for clients with dementia
Tertiary
Screen Asian males for genetic predisposition to alcoholism
Secondary
Provide counseling for adolescents engaged in high risk behaviors
Secondary
Advocate for control of and limited access to military style guns in the public sector
Primary (policy development)
Performing home safety check after fall
Secondary
Teaching health and nutrition to clients who have hypertension
Secondary (would be tertiary with chronic HTN)
Providing flu immunizations at a local preschool
Primary
Implementing a community program to notify individuals exposed to a communicable disease
Secondary (they've been exposed)
Assess the nutritional quality of school meals
Primary
Educating the public on the influence of drugs and alcohol on violence
Primary
Advocate for available shelters for victims of domestic violence
Secondary
Advocate for support services for family's of victims of homicide
Tertiary (death is irreversible)
Provide suggestions to abusers on how to eliminate substance use
Secondary
Advocate for strong policies on access to alcohol, tobacco, and prescriptions
Primary
Prevention of the initial occurrence of disease or injury
Primary
Early detection and treatment of disease with the goal of limiting severity and adverse effects
Secondary
Maximization of recovery after an injury or illness (rehabilitation)
Tertiary
Nutrition education
Primary
Family planning and sex education
Primary
Smoking cessation education
Primary
Communicable disease prevention education
Primary
Education about health and hygiene issues to specific groups (day care workers, restaurant workers)
Primary
Safety education (seat belt use, helmet use)
Primary
Prenatal classes
Primary
Providing immunizations
Primary
Advocating for access to health care, healthy environments
Primary
Community assessments
Secondary
Disease surveillance (communicable diseases)
Secondary
Early detection and treatment of cancer (breast, cervical, testicular, prostate, colorectal)
Secondary
Early detection and treatment of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia
Secondary
Control of outbreaks of communicable diseases
Secondary
Nutrition counseling for management of Crohn's disease
Tertiary
Exercise rehabilitation
Tertiary
Case management (chronic illness, mental illness)
Tertiary
Physical and occupational therapy
Tertiary
Support groups
Tertiary
Exercise for a client who has hypertension (individual)
Tertiary
This type of prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs
Primary
Preventing disease or injury by preventing exposures to hazards that cause disease or injury, altering unhealthy or unsafe behaviors that can lead to disease or injury, and increasing resistance to disease or injury should exposure occur
Primary
Legislation and enforcement to ban or control the use of hazardous products (eg., asbestos)
Primary
Education about healthy and safe habits (e.g. eating well, exercising regularly, not smoking)
Primary
mandate safe and healthy practices (e.g. use of seatbelts and bike helmets)
Primary
Immunization against infectious diseases
Primary
This type of prevention aims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred
Secondary
Treating disease or injury as soon as possible to halt or slow its progress
Secondary
Encouraging personal strategies to prevent reinjury or reoccurrence
Secondary
implementing programs to return people to their original health and function to prevent long-term problems
Secondary
Regular exams and screening tests to detect disease in its earliest stages (e.g. mammograms to detect breast cancer)
Secondary
Daily, low-dose aspirins and/or diet and exercise programs to prevent further heart attacks or strokes
Secondary
Suitably modified work so injured or ill workers can return safely to their jobs
Secondary
Type of prevention that aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects
Tertiary
Helping people manage long-term, often complex health problems and injuries (e.g. chronic diseases, permanent impairments) in order to improve as much as possible their ability to function, their quality of life and their life expectancy
Tertiary
Cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs, chronic disease management programs (e.g. for diabetes, arthritis, depression, etc.)
Tertiary
Support groups that allow members to share strategies for living well
Tertiary
Vocational rehabilitation programs to retrain workers for new jobs when they have recovered as much as possible
Tertiary
Prevent the occurrence of infectious disease
Primary
Educate the public regarding the need for immunizations, and federal and state immunization programs
Primary
Counsel clients traveling to other countries about protection from infectious diseases. Refer clients to the health department for information about mandatory immunizations
Primary
Educate the public regarding prevention of disease and ways to eliminate risk factors for exposure, such as hand hygiene, universal precautions, proper food handling and storage, use of insecticides, and use of condoms
Primary
Increase early detection through screening and case finding
Secondary
Refer suspected cases of communicable disease for diagnostic confirmation and epidemiologic reporting
Secondary
Provide post-exposure prophylaxis (hepatitis A, rabies)
Secondary
Quarantine clients when necessary
Secondary
Use partner notification and contact tracing to identify and screen individuals who have been exposed to a communicable disease
Secondary
Decrease complications and disabilities due to infectious diseases through treatment and rehabilitation
Tertiary
Monitor treatment compliance, including directly observed therapy (DOT)
Tertiary
Identify and link clients needed community resources
Tertiary
Prepare with bioterrorism drills, vaccines, and ensuring availability of antibiotics for exposure prophylaxis
Primary
Design a bioterrorism response plan using the most probably biological agent in the local area
Primary
Identify the chain of command for reporting bioterrorism attacks
Primary
Define the nursing roles in the event of a bioterrorism attack
Primary
Set up protocols for different levels of infection control and containment
Primary
Activate bioterrorism response plan in response to a bioterrorism event
Secondary
Immediately implement infection control and containment measures including decontamination, environmental disinfection, protective equipment, community education/notification, and quarantines
Secondary
Screen the population for exposure, assessing rates of infection and administering vaccines as available
Secondary
Assist with and educate the population regarding identification of manifestations and management (immunoglobulin, antiviral, antitoxins, and antibiotic therapy, depending on the agent)
Secondary
Monitor mortality and morbidity
Secondary
Rehabilitation of survivors
Tertiary
Monitor medication regimens and referrals
Tertiary
Evaluate effectiveness and timeliness of the bioterrorism plan
Tertiary
Assess the knowledge base regarding health issues
Primary
Assess the immunization status of all children
Primary
Assess children who become ill or injured at school (headaches, stomach pain, diarrhea, anxiety over being away from parents, and minor injuries that occur at school)
Secondary
Assess all children, faculty, and staff during emergencies (provide emergency care, create emergency plans, maintain inventory of emergency supplies
Secondary
Perform screening for early detection of disease and initiate referrals as appropriate (vision, hearing, scoliosis)
Secondary
Assess children to detect child abuse or neglect - the school nurse is required by state law to officially report all suspected cases of child abuse/neglect
Secondary
Assess children for evidence of mental illness, suicide, and violence by identifying children at risk
Secondary
Respond to school crisis and disasters (participate in drills, counsel and debrief, act as first responder, triage the injured)
Secondary
Assess children who have disabilities (work with child/family to develop and achieve long-term outcomes)
Tertiary
Assess children who have long-term health needs at school
Tertiary
Provide nursing care for children who have chronic disorders, including asthma, diabetes mellitus, and cystic fibrosis
Tertiary