Examples of primary, secondary and tertiary public health prevention activities

education about good nutrition, the importance of regular exercise, and the dangers of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs

primary prevention

education and legislation about proper seatbelt and helmet use

primary prevention

regular exams and screening tests to monitor risk factors for illness

primary prevention

immunization against infectious disease

primary prevention

controlling potential hazards at home and in the workplace

primary prevention

telling people to take daily, low-dose aspirin to prevent a first or second heart attack or stroke

secondary prevention

regular exams and screening tests to detect disease in its earliest stages (e.g. mammograms to detect breast cancer)

secondary prevention

providing suitably modified work for injured workers

secondary prevention

cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs

tertiary prevention

chronic pain management programs

tertiary prevention

patient support groups

tertiary prevention

publicity campaigns alerting the public to the benefits of lifestyle changes

primary prevention

screening for HCV infection of patients with a history of injection drug use

secondary prevention

follow-up exams to identify cancer recurrence or metastatic disease

tertiary prevention