5 Themes
Location (relative, absolute)
Place
Movement (time, linear, psychological distances)
Human Environment Interaction
region (perceptual, formal, functional)
acculturation
the natural change that occurs when individuals in a society accept or adopt an innovation
biome
regional ecosystem
birthrate
the number of live births per tota population, often expressed per thousand population
carrying capacity
the number of organisms a piece of land can support without negative effects
Central Business District (CBD)
the core of a city, which is almost always based on commercial activity
Communism
a system in which the government holds nearly all political power and the means of production
Convection
the transfer of heat in the atmosphere by upward motion of air
Cultivation
(agriculture) production of food by preparing the land to grow crops
death rate
the ratio of deaths in an area to the population of that area, expressed per thousand per year
democracy
a type of government in which citizens hold political power either directly or through elected representatives
dictatorship
a type of government in which an individual or a group holds complete political power
diffusion
the spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior to different societies
equinox
each of the two days in a year on which day and night are equal in length; marks the beginning of spring and autumn
Solstice
either two times of year when the sun's rays shine directly overhead at noon at the furthest points north or south, and that mark the beginning of summer and winter; in the Northern Hemisphere, the summer solstice is the longest day and the winter solstic
erosion
the result of weathering on matter, created by the action of wind, water, ice, or gravity
fertility rate
the average number of children a woman of childbearing years would have in her lifetime, if she had children at the current rate for her country
Geography
the study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features of the earth
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
the value of only goods and services produced within a country in a period of time
Gross National Product (GNP)
the total value of all goods and services produced by a country in a period of time
greenhouse effect
th layer of gases released by the burning of coal and petroleum the traps solar energy
hemisphere
each half of the globe
infant mortality rate
the number of deaths among infants under age one as measured per thousand live births
infrastructure
the basic support systems needed to keep an economy going, including power, communications, transportation, water, sanitation, and education systems
latitude
run parallel to the equator
longitude
go over the poles, divide east or west
map projection
way of mapping that reduces distortion caused by converting three dimensions into two dimensions
monarchy
type of government in which a ruling family headed by a king or queen holds political power and may or may not share the power with citizen bodies
mortality rate
number of deaths per thousand
nation
group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity
nation-state
the name of a territory when a nation and a state occupy the same territory
state
...
Frontal precipitation
Mid-latitude frontal storms feature cold dense air masses that push lighter warm air masses upward, causing precipitation to form
Convectional precipitation
Typical of hot climates, convection occurs after morning sunshine heats warm moist air. Clouds form in the afternoon and rain falls.
Orographic
Associated with mountain areas, orographic storms drop more rain on the windward side of a mountain and create a rain shadow on the leeward side.
permafrost
permanently frozen ground