Globalisation
Global economic and cultural integration
Mega-city
A very large urban agglomeration of at least 8 mill people
World city
A city that has global and national significance. They are the command and control centres in the border less domain of the new global economy.
Eg New York, Sydney, London
Characteristics of world cities
Financial centres
House headquarters for global corporations
Telecommunications
Transportation
Global cultural spectaculars
Advanced producer services
Dominant world city
Control centres of the world economy
Eg London, Tokyo, NY
Major world city
Groups of world cities with major multinational articulations
Eg LA, Paris, Singapore
Secondary world city
Important roles at national and sub national level
Eg Sydney
Alpha world cities
Score 10 or more
Must be a global centre for all 4 services
Eg LA, London, Tokyo, Milan, Chicago
4 main advanced producer services
Accountancy
Advertising
Banking
Legal firms
Beta world cities
Score 7-9
Must be a global centre for at least 3
Eg Moscow, Toronto, Mexico
Gamma World cities
Score 4-6
Must be a global service for at least 2 sectors and one it's be a major service provision
Eg Melbourne, Miami, Rome
Roles of world cities
Comment and control centres
Location for specialised service firms and finance
Sites of productions
Advanced telecommunications technologies
Markets for products and innovations
Media outlets
Cultural authority
Major sporting events
Dubbo Location
32' S, 148' E
East of Australia
400km NW of Sydney
Banks of Macquarie River
Cross pads of the Newell Highway and the Mitchell highway
Urban decay
Deterioration of the built environment
Urban renewal
Redevelopment of an urban area
Eg darling Harbour
Urban growth
The process of cities expanding outwards
Eg Maitland
Urban consolidation
Policies that encourage higher population densities in established urban areas
Eg Honeysuckle
Gentrification
Renewal of residential precincts by middle-high income earners
Eg Balmain, Cooks Hill
Urban Sprawl
Continuous, unplanned outward growth of an urban area
Suburbanisation
Movement of people, employment and facilities away from the inner city towards outer urban areas
Eg parramatta, Liverpool, Central coast
Exurbanisation
Move from city to rural areas but continue to maintain an urban way of life
Eg Blue Mountains
Counterurbanisation
Reversal of the rural large city movement associated with urbanisation
Eg Dubbo
Urban village
Residential districts with people with a common culture eg Cabramatta - Vietnamese
Newtown - students
Spatial exclusion
Protection of Luxury lifestyles
Gated communities, walled estates
Eg liberty grove near Homebush bay
Mega city challenges
Traffic
Flooding
Air pollution
Traffic - Mumbai
Business capital of India
3rd largest population 18.41 mill (2011)
Only 2 highways - East and West
Vehicular growth increased from 61k to over 1.02 mill I last four years
City adds 200 cars and 300 two-wheelers per day
Mumbai Metropolitan Region Developme
Flooding - Dhaka, Bangladesh
Capital and largest city of Bangladesh
Population 147.4 mill
3.4 mill living in slums
80% is flood plain
Centre for Environmental and Geographic Information Services (CEGIS) who is supported by Global Water Partnership (GWP) conducted a study to develop s
Air Pollution - Beijing
Capital of China and the CBD
20.18 mill people (2010)
4.7 mill automobiles in 2010)
Coal contributes to 80% of its air pollution
Health risks eg asthma
Greenpeace (NGO) - conduct investigations and campaign
Honeysuckle location
Newcastle CBD
33' S, 151' E
180 km north of Sydney
Overlooks Port of Newcastle
7 precincts