The choke point known as the ____________ lies between Yemen and Djibouti.
Bab el Mandeb
The Ottoman Empire was headquartered in the city of:
Constantinople
Kemal Atat�rk is most closely identified with the city of:
Ankara
Iran differs from most of the North Africa/Southwest Asian realm in that:
It is dominantly Shiite.
Which of the following is not one of the republics of Turkestan?
Azerbaijan
The body of water devastated by Soviet irrigation schemes is the:
Aral sea
Which of the following republics of Turkestan contains an ethnic majority of Persian origin?
Tajikistan
The most important ethnic group in Afghanistan is the:
Pathans
Which of the following is associated with the concept of continental drift?
Gondwana
The Congo River basin mainly supports what type of vegetation?
Tropical rainforest
A disease that spreads worldwide is known as a(n):
Pandemic
The major difference between an endemic and a pandemic disease is that:
An endemic disease moves swiftly through the population of a local area whereas a pandemic disease is simply present, affecting the lives of millions of people in a negative way
Land tenure refers to:
The way people own occupy, and use land
West Africa showed a high degree of regional complementarity between:
Mali and Chad
Which of the following states was not a colony of France prior to its independence?
Ivory Coast
Which of the following countries was the last to give up its African colonies?
Germany
Which of the following countries is not located in Southern Africa?
Cameroon
The great river of Southern Africa is the:
Zimbabwe
A unique aspect of Madagascar is that:
The Great Rift Valley predominates in the central part of the country
People of Dutch ancestry in South Africa are called:
Coloureds
The Boer War took place in:
South Africa
The natural environment of Botswana is dominated by:
The mountains associated with the Great Escarpment
Which of the following countries is the home of the Shona and Ndebele tribes where whites have been expelled by government-backed squatters seeking their land?
Zimbabwe
Europe's relative location:
Is one of centrality within the land hemisphere
The North European Lowland:
Is the most densely populated of Europe's landscape region
The geographic principle under which particular peoples and particular places concentrate on the production of particular goods is known as:
Areal functional specialization
Von Th�nen in his "Isolated State" argued that four rings of human activity would develop around the central town or city. The ____ [first, second, third, fourth] of these is:
First -a zone of intensive agriculture and dairying
The Industrial Revolution in Europe:
Initially was focused in England where machinery was invented and the use of steam to drive engines emerged
Europe's political revolution:
Began in the 1780s with the French Revolution
Which of the following is the strongest example of a European nation-state?
Poland
__________ forces are divisive to a nation.
Centrifugal
Which of the following states is unilingual in that it possesses a single language spoken throughout its territory?
Austria
A country's leading urban center that is disproportionately large and exceptionally expressive of national feelings such as Paris is to France, is known as the country's:
Primate city
Only the southern portion of which of the following islands was recently granted admission to the EU?
Cyprus
The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy is known as:
Devolution
Which of the following groups have formed a rapidly growing minority presence in many European countries?
Muslims
_______ dominates Western Europe demographically and economically.
Germany
Most foreign workers in Germany are of _________origin.
Turkish
The major river in western Germany which enters the North Sea through the Netherlands and which passes through the Ruhr is the:
Rhine
German reunification:
All of the above
The only European country with coastlines on the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and the North Sea is:
France
The administrative headquarters of the European Union is located in:
Brussels
Significant oil and natural gas supplies have been found beneath the:
North Sea
The population of Northern Ireland:
Is dominated by Protestants
Northern Europe:
Is a part of norden
The Northern European country that has benefited the most from North Sea oil is:
Norway
___________ has more in common with Finland than its other neighboring states and is therefore included as part of Northern Europe
Estonia
The Iberian Peninsula is isolated from the rest of Europe by which mountain range?
Pyrenees
Italy's economic core no longer focused on Rome, is located today in:
Po River Valley
Northern and Southern Italy are divided by the:
Anacona Line
The Autonomous Community located in northeastern Spain just south of the Pyrenees Mountains that is centered on industrialized Barcelona is known as:
Catalonia
Spain and the United Kingdom are in dispute over which piece of territory:
Gibraltar
The Mediterranean island contested by both Greece and Turkey is:
Cyprus
Eastern Europe is a zone of politico-geographical splintering and fracturing known as a (an):
Shatter Belt
The term Balkanization refers to:
The division and fragmentation of the Eastern Europe region
The Danube/Rhine River empties into which sea?
The Black sea
From the end of World War II until 1990 Eastern Europe was dominated by the:
U.S.S.R.
The Russian exclave located between Lithuania and Poland is called:
Kaliningrad
Which former Soviet Socialist Republic with its capital at Mensk (Minsk), is also called White Russia, and is still strongly linked to Moscow?
Belarus
When a state seeks to acquire the neighboring territory that is home to ethnically similar people and territory on the other side of its international border by appealing to a concentrated group this action is termed:
Irredentism
Bulgarians have felt close to the Russian population because:
The Russians were responsible for driving the Turks from the area
Which of the following is not a state created by the breakup of former Yugoslavia?
Slovakia
Which state contains Serb Croat, and Muslim populations that were finally brought together in 1995 at a US-run peace conference?
Bosnia
An unusual aspect of Albania is:
Its large Muslim population
Which of the following is not a country included in the North Africa/Southwest Asia realm?
Pakistan
_____ is the name for the land between the rivers.
Mesopotamia
Hydraulic civilization theory holds that:
Cities able to control irrigated farming over large hinterlands hold power over other cities
Which of the following is not an Old World culture hearth?
The Mecca area of the Arabian Peninsula
What is the difference between expansion diffusion and relocation diffusion?
In the case of expansion diffusion a phenomenon originates in an area, remains strong there, and spreads outward; in relocation diffusion, the phenomenon is carried to a distant location and diffuses from there.
Which area was least influenced by the spread of Islam?
Northern Italy
Shi'ite Muslims constitute the great majority of the population of:
Iran
About 85 percent of Muslims consider themselves:
Sunni
The dominant form of Islam in Saudi Arabia is:
Sunni
The empire that ruled over much of Southwest Asia prior to World War I was the:
Ottoman
The North Africa/Southwest Asia realm contains about __________ percent of the world's oil reserves.
65%
The city of __________ is located at the confluence of the White Nile and Blue Nile and serves as the capital of __________.
Khartoum/Sudan
The Aswan High Dam is located on the:
Nile River
The upstream country that could control the flow of the Nile River into Egypt is:
Sudan
Darfur Province the recent scene of a massive ethnic cleansing, is located in the central-west of:
Sudan
Which of the following is not located within the Maghreb region?
The Mecca area of the Arabian Peninsula
The western North African countries of Algeria Tunisia, and Morocco are collectively called:
The Maghreb
Which of the following oil producers does not border the Persian Gulf?
Libya
The major mountain range in North Africa is the:
Altas Mountains
The North African exclaves of Ceuta and Melilla are associated with which country?
Spain
Which North African country fought a bitter war of liberation against the French?
Algeria
This country is the smallest in North Africa but has the highest GNI per capita in North Africa.
Tunsia
Which of the following rivers flows through Iraq?
Euphrates
The ______ Jordanians Syrians, Egyptians] have lost which piece of territory to the Israelis?
Syrians/ Golan
Jordan has absorbed large numbers of:
Palestinians
Which of the following statements about Lebanon is false?
All the various religious denominations have come to an accommodation that has provided peace in the country for the past five decades.
The modern state of Israel was created in:
1948
The state of Israel:
Was created from territory that was formerly administered by the British
Which of the following countries does not share a common border with Israel?
Iran
From 1949 until 1967 West Jerusalem was controlled by
Israel
Which of the following countries is not located on the Arabian Peninsula?
Libya
The United Arab Emirates includes the oil-rich sheikhdom known as:
Abu Dhabi
The now-independent political entity that once was a German colony named South West Africa is today known as:
Namibia
Cabinda is a(n):
Exclave of Angola
Tourism once a particularly important business in _______________, struggles to remain viable in the face of numerous challenges:
Kenya
The ethnic group exerting the most control in Kenya is the:
Kikuyu
Dar es Salaam is the capital of:
Tanzania
Which of the following countries borders Lake Victoria?
The congo
Two countries which were originally part of German East Africa but were given to the Belgians after World War I are:
Tanzania and Kenya
Which Equatorial African country has no dominant ethnic groups?
Nigeria/The congo
The two groups who fought one another in the Rwandan civil war are the:
Hutus/ Tutsis
The country in Equatorial Africa with significant oil supplies and the only coastal capital is:
Gabon
The country in Equatorial Africa that had a border dispute with Nigeria over an oil-rich area is:
Cameroon
Which two colonial powers dominated West Africa?
Britain and France
Nigeria's old capital of Lagos was situated within the culture area of the people known as the:
Yoruba
The country that moved its capital from Lagos to the new centrally-located city of Abuja is:
The Congo
The first West African state to gain its independence formerly called the Gold Coast, is:
Ghana
This West African country borders Liberia is a former French colony, and built a Roman Catholic basilica in Yamoussoukro to rival St. Peter's in Rome:
Tanganyika
Which of the following countries was established by former American slaves?
Senegal
Which of the following is located in the African Transition Zone?
The Islamic Front
Most countries in the African Transition Zone have a ____ population in the north and a ____ population in the south.
Muslim/non-Muslim
Which of the following countries is located in the Horn of Africa?
Senegal
This small country gains much of its importance because of its location on the Bab el Mandeb Strait at the mouth of the Red Sea
Dijbouti