13 colonies
England settled this land in North America to explore, make money, and for religious reasons.
New England colonies Memory Trick
Never - New Hampshire
Make - Massachusetts
Cynthia - Connecticut
Run - Rhode Island
Middle Atlantic colonies Memory Trick
New - New York
Pennies - Pennsylvania
New - New Jersey
Dimes - Delaware
Southern colonies Memory Trick
My - Maryland
Vehicle - Virginia
Needs - North Carolina
Some - South Carolina
Gas - Georgia
New England Economy
The region that made money by Fishing, whaling, lumber
Subsistence Farming
Middle Atlantic Economy
The region that made money by Agriculture - wheat, barley, oats, corn
"Breadbasket" of the colonies
Southern Economy
The region that made money by plantation Agriculture
Indigo, Tobacco, Rice
New England Reasons for Colonization
Religious Freedom
Middle Atlantic Reasons for Colonization
Diverse (different reasons)
Making money, religious freedom, agriculture
Southern Reasons for Colonization
Making money with plantation agriculture
Economy
Everything related to how a society makes money
New England Environment
Harsh, cold winters
Short mild summers
Rocky land - not good for farming
Natural harbors and waterways
Middle Atlantic Environment
Cold winters, warm summers
Good soil for farming
Lots of rivers
Southern Environment
Long, hot summers
Short, mild winters
Excellent soil for farming
Agriculture
Farming
Appalachian Mountains
Along the western borders of the 13 colonies
Created a natural boundary that made it difficult for the colonists to move farther west
Roanoke
England's first colony in North America
The colonists mysteriously disappeared
Colony
Land that is under the control of another, far away country
Colonist
Someone who leaves their country, moves to a new land, but still follows the government and rules of their old country.
Persecution
Treating people badly based on their religion or race
Tolerance
Accepting people and their beliefs
Jamestown
England's first successful colony
Settled in Virginia in 1607
Jamestown's Economy
Making money by plantation farming tobacco
John Smith
English colonist at Jamestown who taught the colonists how to grow tobacco, how to work, and made an alliance with the Powhattan Indians.
Pilgrims
English people who journeyed to America for religious freedom and founded the settlement of Plymouth. They wanted to SEPARATE from the Church in England.
Plymouth
The 2nd successful English settlement founded by pilgrims for religious freedom
Mayflower
The ship that the pilgrims traveled on to settle in America
Mayflower Compact
A social contract written by the pilgrims to set the rules to keep order and safety in their colony.
An example of self-government
Virginia House of Burgesses
First REPRESENTATIVE LEGISLATURE in the American colonies (an assembly of people elected to make laws for all the people in the colony)
Was an example of self-government for other colonies to follow
Quakers
Religious group who who believed in equality and toleration for all. They settled Pennsylvania with their leader William Penn
Puritans
Religious group who settled in Massachusetts Bay Colony. They wanted to PURIFY the church, not separate from it. In their colony, religion controlled the government - so only good church members with land could take part in government/vote.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
The first written CONSTITUTION in the American colonies - created the procedures for the first government
Self-Government
Even though the colonists were still English subjects and still loyal to their king, they began setting up their own governments. This gave them more freedom than the people in England.
Maryland
Southern Colony
Created by Lord Baltimore as a safe place for Catholics to live and practice their religion freely.
Georgia
Last colony founded - 1732
James Oglethorpe founded it as a safe place for debtors.
Was the last colony between the English and the Spanish in America.
Effects of Geography in the Colonies
South: Warm climate, good soil = best for farming
North: Natural resources, lots of rivers and access to water = better for trade
Middle: Moderate climate and soil and natural resources = food farming and trade
Commerce / Commercial
Trade / everything related to trade
Profit
Making money
Mercantilism
Economic philosophy in which a country conquers other lands to use their resources to make money
Legislature
A group of people who make laws
Constitution
A document that lists the fundamental principles (most important ideas) to run a government