Birth Rate
The number of births per year for every 1,000 people
Death Rate
the number of deaths per year for every 1,000 people
Natural Increase
the growth rate of a population; the difference between birth and death rate
doubling time
the number of years it takes a population to double in size
negative population growth
annual death rate exceeds the annual birth rate
population distribution
the pattern of population in a country, a continent, or the world
population density
the average number of people in a square mile or square kilometer
natural resources
substance from the earth that is not made by people but can be used by them
industrialization
transition from an agricultural society to one based on industry
developed countries
country that has a great deal of technology and manufacturing
newly industrialized countries
a country that has begun transitioning from agriculture to primarily manufacturing and industry
developing countries
country in the process of becoming industrialized
demography
the study of statistics such as births, deaths, or income which show the changing patterns of human populations.
zero population growth
birth rate and death rate are equal
urbanization
the movement of people from rural areas into cities
capitalism
an economic system in which most businesses are privately owned
suburb
an outlying district of a city, especially a residential one.
Total fertility rate
average number of children a women will have in her childbearing years
infant mortality rate
number of babies per 1000 live births who will die before their first birthday
dependency ratio
The dependency ratio is a measure showing the number of dependents, aged zero to 14 and over the age of 65, to the total population, aged 15 to 64. It is also referred to as the "total dependency ratio.
megacity
city with more than 10 million people
carrying capacity
the number of people, other living organisms, or crops that a region can support without environmental degradation.