GEO Exam 4

for every 100 new homes outside of Detroit, how many were boarded up in Detriot

67

what is "black bottom" neighborhood

city within a city, class structured, togetherness, men tipped hats, vibrant and healthy, jazz music

describe African-american life in Detriot before WWII

it was fine, no problems. they didn't have to lock their doors. called paradise valley

during world war two, racial tension over housing integration was

acute

with FHA loans, how did the federal government favor new housing over old housing

gave money to buy new house rather than fix old

how did the interstate subsidize suburbia

increased population in suburbs and provided transportation route to and from city

new interstates tended to be located through what kind of preexisting communities

poor communities

transportation planners carved up the Black Bottom neighborhood by placing which interstate there

I-75

what does "redlining" mean

red lines around certain areas that contained nonwhites

why was a 6-foot concrete wall built, what did it separate

blacks and whites

specific ways that Grosse Pointe Property Association screened potential homebuyers

screened any new resident, ratings of dress, ratings of accent

Anders Duany makes the case that sprawl is unfair to a large segment of our country's population. what's his argument?

because 50% of population doesn't drive and thats how we are expected to get to these businesses. we meet needs for handicap accessible businesses which is a much lower percent of population

inner-ring suburbs face a particularly uncertain future since

losing value because blacks leave and move out and whites keep moving out. they are a wasted investment

what are lifestyle problems that occur with sprawl

dependent on automobile, can't walk to places, becoming less dense, think resources are limitless, private aspect.

Andres Duany points out that we invest more in horizontal infrastructure than vertical infrastructure. what does he mean by each

horizontal is cars, traffic
vertical is schools, courthouses, town halls

how are streets organized differently in New Urbanist communities that a typical suburban street

streets funnel, kids have more room. don't have a lot of garage doors. serve every stage of life cycle. suburbia have to move into better fitted area.

unlike metro detroit situation, how did portland and minneapolis each work to combat sprawl and improve the city

portland: boundaries that limited urban growth, developed communities - all walkable
minneapolis: sharing tax revenue.

grand rapids converted abandoned warehouses into

apartments, high rise condo buildings

1/2 of US population in _______ today

suburbs

% of population in suburbs in MI

60%

laws made it easier for _______ _________ of urban areas

outward growth

suburban design is _______ density

lower

suburban design

-segregation of land uses
-less road connectivity
-trend to increase connectivity amongst streets

dead-end streets funnel people onto

arterial highways

true or false: Mission St. is among one of Michigans 10 riskiest roads

true

environmental cost of excessive suburbanization

land consumption
low density development > geo separation of activities > more travel > more energy use

economic costs of excessive suburbanization

-higher infrastructure costs
-central city tax base declining
-inner cities under financial strain since small houses, narrow lots hard to improve

social costs of excessive suburbanization

-lack of mobility of people who can't drive
-isolation: arguably less sense of community

Detroit population growth is tied to

auto industry

Detroit vs. other similar metros

-more segregated
-least likely to have blacks in suburbs
-higher spatial mismatch

spatial mismatch

blacks in city, jobs in suburbs
-employer and housing discrimination

MI 2005 "state of the state" survey

answers what type of urban environment do you want to live in

stats of 2005 state of the state survey

6% near commercial shop
30% close to big shopping mall
46% downtown or area with mixed-use zoning
really most people live near commercial strips, since 60% of population is in suburbs

there are higher real estate values in cities with

vibrant centers
(grand rapids, ann arbor, east lansing)

national wildlife system

150 million acres of federal land set aside for wildlife

Great Lakes important for

migration routes

how many federal wildlife refuges does michigan have

8

forest cover reflects

areas lacking agriculture

what led to state forest creation

1 million acres burned in fires, reaction to clear-cutting, abandoned farm land converted into state forest

In 1903, abandoned farm land converted into MI's first state forest near

Houghton Lake

forest service mission

sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of forests for current and future use

michigan has __ national forests

3

names of national forests in MI

Ottawa, Hiawatha, Huron-Manistee

Ottawa is roughly __% private lands within official boundary

50%

congress passed wilderness act in

1964

wilderness act allowed establishment of

off-limit areas to most human life

the wilderness act ignored

complex human history of changing the land

under the wilderness act law Isle Royale's

fishing cottages were crumbling

stories about settlers at Pictured Rocks are

poorly interpreted for the public

parks are

political creations - initiatives, interests, votes to create/maintain them

at state levels, wilderness areas

de-emphasize human impacts

MI's largest state park

Porcupine Mts. Wilderness

why are national parks where they are

congress passed bills creating national parks

Mackinac was named the second national park after

Yellowstone.
national park system didn't even exist yet

why did Mackinac get turned into a state park (1895)

state asked to have the land

how many national parks in MI

5

Isle Royale is the first created national park, known for

moose vs. wolf predator prey relationship

Isle Royale is the only one named as a

national park

the 5 national parks in MI are

Isle Royale, Sleeping Bear Dunes, Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, River Raisin National Battlefield Park

national park system started in

2010

factors that have shaped your decision to travel

popular culture, knowledge of the area (advertisements, social networks), cost and opportunity cost of competing options, timing, ease of transportation

based on definition, tourism is either 2nd or 3rd largest

economic sector for employment in MI

gravity model: a places attraction generally depends upon

size and proximity to other places

1/2 of tourists in MI are

state residents

urban top 10 counties are

year-round

rural top 10 counties are

seasonal

private campgrounds are statewide, whereas public campgrounds tend to be

coastal, in national parks/forests

most seasonal homes are owned by

MI residents and neighboring state residents

economy uncertainty might mean

struggling economy = cheaper, closer-to-home tourism

challenging for MI tourism

-economy uncertainty
-image
-funding
-invasive species
-climate change
-social/print media

public act 144 of 2005

starting schools after labor day, expected to increase revenue

most people travel by ______ to MI

car...so the state places welcome centers near borders

Claire and Marquette on

regionally busy corridors

pure michigan campaign targets

Chicago, Indianapolis, Cleveland, Milwaukee, Metro areas, and in state

Advertising of Michigan in China takes place. how?

-have chinese tour operators visit MI
-work with delta to create nonstops from DTW to china
-have chinese tour include MI

over 1/2 of MI visitors were

day trips

day trips especially in

Southwest, Southeast MI

why only day trips?

consider amenities, proximity to large population

longer trips take place in

UP, given its distance from markets

typical visitor spent

$75.00 per day

the highest expenditure

transportation

...

...

wilderness act allowed establishement of

off-limit areas to most human life