How is perceived drug use different from actual use?
Perceived use is typically a lot higher than actual use
What is addiction characterized by
Loss of control (behavioral),
Physiological effects (brain chemistry),
social effects
Addictive behavior is both ______________ and _________________.
rewarding and reinforcing
Define tolerance
lower sensitivity to a drug or substance so that a given dose no longer exerts the usual effect and larger does are needed
substance misuse:
use of any substance in a manner inconsistent with legal or medical guidelines
Example of substance misuse
taking more than prescribed amount.
factors for trying drugs:
male,
troubled childhood,
thrill seeker,
dysfunctional family,
peers that accept drug use, poor,
girl dating older boy
factors for not trying drugs:
perceive drug use as risky, disapprove of drug use, positive self esteem and self concept,
assertive,
independent thinker, optimism,
academic achievement, religiosity
What is the "Utah Opidemic" and why is this campaign needed?
Utah has 7th highest drug OD rate in the US
6 Utahans die every week from opioid OD
ways to stop the opidemic
steer clear of opioids,
avoid taking more,
don't share pain killers,
get rid of unused meds, reach out,
carry naloxone
How are opioids different from antibiotics (in reference to why you should or shouldn't complete a prescription)
they are addictive- antibiotics you need to take all of the prescribed meds opioids you do not have to take all of them.
Naloxone
drugs that reverse an overdose
6 groups of psychoactive drugs
Opioids
CNS depressants
CNS stimulants
Marijuana and other cannabis products
Hallucinogens
Inhalants
Opiods
...
CNS depressants
...
CNS stimulants
...
Marijuana/cannabis products
...
Hallucinogens
...
Inhalents
...
which method/route of intake produces the fastest response in the body
Injecting
What is the most important organ that alcohol effects?
Liver
What are peaks of risk and what are their importance when talking about alcohol or drug use?
Birth
birth - 6 years
12-18 years
Developing in all of these peaks, drugs and alcohol negatively effect development
What are the two kinds of risks that were discussed?
Risks we can/cannot change
Risks we cannot change:
Body or Biology
Risks we can change:
Choices
Do psychological or social influences have a greater impact on choices?
equally impactful?
What types of problems are dealt with more at USU?
...
If one chooses to drink, what are the 3 pieces of advice that they're given?
Moderately, responsibly and socially
zero: (0-1-2-3)
underage, chemically dependent, pregnant, taking certain meds, on usu campus
One: (0-1-2-3)
one drink in an hour
Two: (0-1-2-3)
two drinks daily
Three: (0-1-2-3)
no more than 3 drinks a day, but never every day
Why is it important to know what a standard drink is (when it comes to different types of alcohol)?
different drinks have more alcohol in them. smaller standard drink for more alcohol bigger standard drink for less alcohol
Review the effects of college drinking & social costs of alcohol slides.
...
How is smoking and the leading causes of death related?
? smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the US
How have the rates of smoking changed since the surgeon general's warning (have they increased, decreased)?
decreased
Why is tobacco so dangerous for adolescents?
their brains are still developing and nicotine is the most addictive drug
What is the addictive substance in tobacco and how addictive is it?
nicotine: most physically addictive of all psychoactive drugs
How does smoking disproportionately affect the poor?
marketed more in poor areas?
Usually regulation like tobacco taxes decreases smoking among the poor. Why isn't that true among certain low-income communities
uses discounts that counteracts the taxes so low income can still afford them
How does nicotine work within the body? (does it produce a high)
triggers release of powerful chemical messengers in the brain (epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine). Doesn't provide high used to modulate everyday emotions.
What is the tobacco form of choice for high schoolers today?
E-cigs
Should e-cigs be considered safe? Why or why not?
No they still contain nicotine, ultra fine particles can be inhaled deep into lungs, flavorants linked to lung disease
What are ways that tobacco products are regulated?
Taxation, stricter laws and their enforcement, regulate purchases (who, how, when, where/when used)
What are the warning signs of a heart attack?
symptoms mild to intense. Sudden, slow, come and go. Don't always have symptoms
Most common symptom of heart attack?
chest pain or discomfort ?
Most common pain of heart attack?
chest pain ?
What is acronym for stroke signs/symptoms and what does it stand for?
F- facial drooping
A- Arm weakness
S- Speech difficulty
T- Time to call 911
What should you do if you encounter any symptoms of heart attack or stroke?
Begin CPR and call 911 immediately (if AED is available send someone to get one)
How is cardiovascular disease prevented?
lifestyle. (healthy eating, physically active, healthy weight, strategies to handle stress, recommended screening tests)
Plaque:
deposit of fatty substances on the inner walls of the artery
Atherosclerosis:
Thickening and hardening of the arteries
Cancer is the ______ leading cause of death in the US
2nd
What is cancer
abnormal, uncontrolled multiplication of cells, which can ultimately cause death if left untreated
Benign Tumor:
mass of cells lacking ability to invade neighboring tissue. (not as serious)
Malignant Tumor:
can invade surrounded structures, including blood vessels, the lymphatic system and nerves. (more serious)
Metastasis:
spread of cancer cells from one part of the body to another
Stage 0:
early cancer, present only in layers of cells where it originated
Stage 1:
more extensive cancer, with high #s
Stage 2:
Indicating greater tumor size and/or degree
Stage 3:
To which cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes or organs adjacent to primary tumor
Stage 4:
Advanced cancer that has spread to another organ
Remission:
signs and symptoms of cancer disappear, and the disease is considered under control
Surgery Treatment
organ containing tumor is not essential for life and can be partially or completely removed
Radiation Treatment
Uses a beam of x-rays or gamma rays directed at the tumor to kill tumor cells
Chemotherapy Treatment
goal of treatment is cure, chemo is often given either before or after surgery (eradicate cancer cells)
what is the chief risk factor of lung cancer that accounts for 90% of all lung cancer deaths?
tobacco smoke
Symptoms of lung cancer do not usually appear until the disease has advanced to the _______ stage
Invasive
What is the most common cancer in women?
Breast Cancer
What is the most common cancer in men?
Prostate Cancer
How can breast cancer be detected?
self exams, mammograms, surgery or radiation
What is the most dangerous type of skin cancer?
melanoma
What is colon cancer?
Cancer of the colon or rectum, located at the lower end of digestive tract.
3rd most common type of cancer even though very effective screening methods exist
Innate Immunity:
general response, not specific to pathogens, first response against invaders (born w/)
Acquired Immunity:
learned/adaptive" specific to each antigen, improved/accelerated response
Antigen:
substance triggers immune response
Antibody:
part of immune system. Recognizes and targets specific antigens
Chain of infection
Pathogen, reservoir, portal of exit, means of transmission, portal of entry, new host
Herd Immunity
resistance to the spread of a contagious disease within a population that results if a sufficiently high proportion of individuals to disease, especially through vaccination
Jenny McCarthy believed that vaccines were the cause of her son's _______
autism
T/F vaccines have increased our lifespan and have largely eradicated certain disease, like smallpox and polio.
true
what was the issue discussed in the film?
vaccinations
the CDC believes which media outlet is causing the increase in the vaccine controversy
generation rescue?
is there scientific evidence that links vaccines to autism?
no
how many diseases are preventable in children through vaccinations? 16 or 60?
16
What do parents have to sign to not immunize their children?
A personal belief document
What is a concern with people not vaccinating/what could happen?
Bring back diseases that have not been seen for a long time
Reasons some don't vaccinate:
some of the diseases that are being vaccinated for have not been seen in the U.S for a long time
younger generation have never seen/experienced these diseases. don't understand how serious it is.
We have only experienced the benefits of vaccines, not the