The ________ of a variable is computed by determining the sum of all the values of the variable in
the data set and dividing this sum by the number of observations in the data set.
Arithmetic mean
The entire group of individuals to be studied is a(n)
Population
The science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information to draw conclusions or
answer questions.
Statistics
A numerical summary of a population.
Parameter
A study that requires individuals to look back in time or require the researcher
to look at existing records.
Retrospective
A study that requires individuals to collect the data over time, and is on going.
Prospective
The process of using chance to select individuals from a population to be
included in the sample.
Random Sampling
A person or object that is a member of the population being studied is a(n)
Individual
Is obtained by dividing the population into non-overlapping groups called
strata, and then obtaining a simple random sample from each stratum.
Stratified Sample
Is obtained by selecting every kth individual from the population. The first
individual selected corresponds to a number between 1 and k.
Systematic Sampling
Is obtained by dividing the population into non-overlapping groups called
Clusters, and then obtaining a sample by selecting all individuals within
randomly selected cluster or clusters of individuals.
Cluster Sample
Exists when the technique used to obtain the sample's individuals tends to
favor one part of the population over another.
Sampling Bias
Exists when individuals selected to be in the sample who do not respond to
the survey have different opinions from those who do.
Nonresponse Bias
Exists when the answers on a survey do not reflect the true feelings of the
respondent.
Response Bias
Serves as a baseline treatment that can be used to compare to other
treatments.
Control bias
A numerical summary of a sample is a(n)
Statistic
Statistics consisting of organizing and summarizing data to describe data through numerical
summaries, tables, and graphs are
Descriptive
Statistics using methods that take a result from a sample, extend it to the population, and measure
the reliability of the result are
Inferential
A quantitative variable that has either a finite number of possible values or a countable number of
possible values that cannot take on every possible value between any two possible values is a(n)
___________ variable.
Discrete
A quantitative variable that has either an infinite number of possible values that are not countable
that can take on every possible value between any two possible values is a(n) _________ variable.
Continous
Occurs when the effects of two or more explanatory variables are not separated.
Confounding
An explanatory variable that was not considered in a study, but that affects the value of the
response variable in the study is a(n) _____________ variable.
Lurking
Data collected from an observational study, designed experiment, or survey before they
have been summarized.
Raw Data
Which is not a measure of dispersion?
Mean
The variable is the variable whose value can be explained by the
variable.
Response; Predictor
In terms of probability, a(n) ___________________ is any process with uncertain results that can be
repeated.
Experiment
What is the difference between a bar chart and a histogram?
The bars on a bar chart do not touch while the bars of a histogram do touch.
An ogive is a graph that represents cumulative frequencies or cumulative relative frequencies. The
points labeled on the horizontal axis are the
Upper class limits
Which measure of central tendency may not exist for all numeric data sets?
Mode
Which measure of central tendency may have more than one value in a numeric data set?
Mode
Which measure of central tendency is not resistant to extreme values in a numeric data set?
Mean
A statistic is said to be biased if it
Systematically underestimates or overestimates a parameter
Compute the range for the set of data.
35) 25, 34, 13, 42, 52
39
39) The heights of ten female students (in inches) in a college math class are listed below. Find
the mean.
65 66 67 66 67 70 67 70 71 68
67.7 Inches
40) The number of students enrolled in a physics class for the last ten semesters are listed
below. Find the median number of students.
65 66 67 66 67 70 67 70 71 68
67 Students
41) The commuting times of ten employees (in minutes) are listed below. Find the mode score.
65 66 67 66 67 70 67 70 71 68
67 Minutes
42) The average score of local students on a college entrance exam is 110, with a standard
deviation of 5. The distribution is roughly bell shaped. Use the Empirical Rule to find the
percentage of local students with scores above 120.
2.5%
43) The top speeds (in mph) for a sample of five new automobile brands are listed below.
Calculate the standard deviation of the speeds.
160, 125, 190, 185, 105
37.2 mph