Economic causes of the Civil War
the north and the south each led different ways of life
-North was industrial (railroads, factories)
-South was rural (based on agriculture)
On the outset of war, they were trying to take advantage of each other this was shown thru the Anaconda plan(take
Social causes of the Civil War
-the Underground Railroad: was a system created by abolishonists to try to bring slaves to the north so they could be free
People were socially divided bc one side wanted to abolish slavery and others wanted to keep it
Political causes of the Civil War
*States rights; if states had the right to disregard any federal law they disagreed with
slavery was a huge disagreement. even amongst the west. the Compromise of 1850 was established to calm all territories down.
-Cali: free state
-Pop soveriegnty decide
economic consequences of the civil war
Southern economy was in ruins
-many battles took place there and due to Anaconda plan
-also they were running short on labor since African Americans were Emancipated
-also foreign nations found a way to grow the crops they needed from the south on their o
social consequences of the civil war
African Americans could now freely progress in society. However they still faced harsh treatment and discrimination.
-"Buffalo Soldiers" were formed after the war as the first peacetime all-black regiment of the US army
political consequences of the civil war
Abraham Lincoln's death.
He understood that slavery important to the south and one of their main resources during the war, so he used that as an advantage during his presidency to gain the Confederacy back under the nation's control, and was assassinated
Radical Republicans and their impact on Reconstruction
~People who believed that the South were the cause of all destruction and lost lives in the Civil war and they wanted the South to receive punishment~
-Their impact on Reconstruction led to new state constitutions and Republican-controlled state governmen
13th amendment
Abolished slavery, except when used by gov't as punishment by a crime
14th amendment
African Americans were not to be denied equal rights. they were granted citizenship
15th amendment
a citizen's right to vote cannot be denied on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude
Jim Crow laws and how they affected southern minorites
-served to segregate black people from white people in public areas such as schools or hospitals.
-These laws made living in the South a struggle for minorities (aka the African Americans) bc they were not given equal rights and privileges and therefore w
Andrew Johnson
was Abraham Lincoln's vice president and wanted to follow with Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction which made it simple for the south to reenter into the Union
the relationship between the government, Native Americans, and American citizens
It was an abusive relationship. Americans used their resources to take advantage of the native americans and conquer them.
~The federal government created reservations for Native Americans when trying to kick them out of their homes in order to expand lan
how the American West was settled
~Homestead Act of 1862- granted any citizen or citizenseeking immigrant 160 acres of land at no cost
This brought homesteaders into direct conflict with Native American territory (Battle of little big horn, dawes act, wounded knee massacre)
Compromise of 1850
series of congressional measures that allowed california to become a state, settled border disputes among mexico and texas, and created the fugitive slave act.
significance:increased tensions
Dred scott decision
slave living in free state goes to court claiming his freedom and to sue. court says that since he was not a citizen and could not sue, that taking a slave from owner was violation of property rights
kansas and nebraska act
stated that slavery was going to be through popular vote, which ended up causing many to go there to sway the vote, resulting in violent conflict.
emancipation proclamation
Lincoln's declaration that freed slaves in confederation states. caused many to flee from owners and/or go to union army to fight.
Andrew Johnson
Abrahams vice president, and president once murdered. considered by many in the north to be too lenient to the southerners.was the first president to be impeached, but not found guilty, so remained in office.
reconstruction amendments
13th amendment
when:1865
what: outlawed slavery
14th Amendment
When: 1868
What: made African Americans citizens
15th Amendment
When: 1870
What: gave African American men the right to vote
Significance: The Reconstruction Amendments established equal right
radical republicans
members of republican party who supported equal rights for African Americans, favored harsher terms for reconstruction including prohibiting ex confederation from holding political office, and Johnson's lenient policies.
freedmen's bureau
federal agency that provided assistance to freed slaves, such as housing education, healthcare and employement. established public schools and settled disputes
ku klux klan
reconstruction by southerners who opposed emancipation. used threats and violence to AA. drove congress to pass the force acts.
sharecroppers
farmers who are given the use of land in exchange for a portion of harvest as their rent. following civil war, many slaves lacked money to purchase farmland, so this became the alternative.
homestead act of 1862
granted any citizen or any immigrant 160 acres of land at no cost. dramatically increased western migration, lead to conflict between native Americans.
battle of little bighorn
battle between the Sioux and the 7th calvary, lead by Custer, who had his troops completely destroyed by battle. victory for native Americans
Dawes act
law designed to assimilate NA by dividing tribal reservation and giving it to individuals to become farmers. resulted in the end of the NA social structure.
wounded knee massacre
big loss of the NA. considered the end of the native American wars.