US HISTORY MODULE 1 DBA FLVS

Economic causes of the Civil War

the north and the south each led different ways of life
-North was industrial (railroads, factories)
-South was rural (based on agriculture)
On the outset of war, they were trying to take advantage of each other this was shown thru the Anaconda plan(take

Social causes of the Civil War

-the Underground Railroad: was a system created by abolishonists to try to bring slaves to the north so they could be free
People were socially divided bc one side wanted to abolish slavery and others wanted to keep it

Political causes of the Civil War

*States rights; if states had the right to disregard any federal law they disagreed with
slavery was a huge disagreement. even amongst the west. the Compromise of 1850 was established to calm all territories down.
-Cali: free state
-Pop soveriegnty decide

economic consequences of the civil war

Southern economy was in ruins
-many battles took place there and due to Anaconda plan
-also they were running short on labor since African Americans were Emancipated
-also foreign nations found a way to grow the crops they needed from the south on their o

social consequences of the civil war

African Americans could now freely progress in society. However they still faced harsh treatment and discrimination.
-"Buffalo Soldiers" were formed after the war as the first peacetime all-black regiment of the US army

political consequences of the civil war

Abraham Lincoln's death.
He understood that slavery important to the south and one of their main resources during the war, so he used that as an advantage during his presidency to gain the Confederacy back under the nation's control, and was assassinated

Radical Republicans and their impact on Reconstruction

~People who believed that the South were the cause of all destruction and lost lives in the Civil war and they wanted the South to receive punishment~
-Their impact on Reconstruction led to new state constitutions and Republican-controlled state governmen

13th amendment

Abolished slavery, except when used by gov't as punishment by a crime

14th amendment

African Americans were not to be denied equal rights. they were granted citizenship

15th amendment

a citizen's right to vote cannot be denied on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude

Jim Crow laws and how they affected southern minorites

-served to segregate black people from white people in public areas such as schools or hospitals.
-These laws made living in the South a struggle for minorities (aka the African Americans) bc they were not given equal rights and privileges and therefore w

Andrew Johnson

was Abraham Lincoln's vice president and wanted to follow with Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction which made it simple for the south to reenter into the Union

the relationship between the government, Native Americans, and American citizens

It was an abusive relationship. Americans used their resources to take advantage of the native americans and conquer them.
~The federal government created reservations for Native Americans when trying to kick them out of their homes in order to expand lan

how the American West was settled

~Homestead Act of 1862- granted any citizen or citizenseeking immigrant 160 acres of land at no cost
This brought homesteaders into direct conflict with Native American territory (Battle of little big horn, dawes act, wounded knee massacre)

cash crops

a crop that is grown for profit rather than for use by the grower

ecosystem

a community of plants, animals, and smaller organisms that live, feed, reproduce, and interact in the same area or environment

globes

three-dimensional spheres representing Earth

historians

people who study history

human systems

the human characteristics of a region and how those characteristics work together to form spatial patterns

manifest destiny

a 19th century belief that the United States was destined to expand its territory across the continent to the Pacific Ocean

maps

two-dimensional illustrations showing geographical features and information

place

the physical and human characteristics of a geographical location

region

area that shares physical or human spatial characteristics, (language, culture, or climate)

relative location

the location of a place in relation to another place; an example of relative location is describing England as east of the U.S.

scale

map feature showing the difference between actual distance and illustrated distance

spatial patterns

the ways in which people, places, and characteristics are organized on the Earth's surface

how manifest destiny affected American culture

Native Americans were pushed out of there settlements when white settlers pushed westward

primary source

source created by a person present at or involved with a historical event

secondary source

source created by a person who was not present at or involved with a historical event

primary source example

interview with people who lived during a particular time

secondary source example

biography

anaconda plan

the Union's three-part Civil War strategy, designed to capture the Confederate capital in Richmond, block southern ports, and control the Mississippi River

tariffs

taxes, often placed on imported goods to protect domestic industries

nullification theory

theory that states could nullify, or cancel, any federal legislation the states deemed unconstitutional

state's rights

powers granted to state governments rather than the federal government

political causes of the civil war

-States rights; if states had the right to disregard any federal law they disagreed with
slavery was a huge disagreement. even amongst the west. the Compromise of 1850 was established to calm all territories down.
-Cali: free state
-Pop soveriegnty decide

social causes of the civil war

-the Underground Railroad: was a system created by abolishonists to try to bring slaves to the north so they could be free
-People were socially divided bc one side wanted to abolish slavery and others wanted to keep it

political consequences of the civil war

Abraham Lincoln's death.
He understood that slavery important to the south and one of their main resources during the war, so he used that as an advantage during his presidency to gain the Confederacy back under the nation's control, and was assassinated

economic consequences of the civil war

Southern economy was in ruins
-many battles took place there and due to Anaconda plan
-also they were running short on labor since African Americans were Emancipated
-also foreign nations found a way to grow the crops they needed from the south on their o

social consequences of the civil war

African Americans could now freely progress in society. However they still faced harsh treatment and discrimination.
-"Buffalo Soldiers" were formed after the war as the first peacetime all-black regiment of the US army

issues that the government faced after the civil war

-they were not sure what to do when a state decides to split from a union because the US constitution does not explain what to do
- leaders couldn't agree whether the states seceded or not
-if the confederate leaders should be punished as traitors
-who sh

how does Presidential Reconstruction differ from Congressional Reconstruction?

The President only wanted for the states to rejoin if they had 10 percent of voters take an oath of loyalty to the United States but the Radical republicans -who made up the majority of Congress- wanted a harsher variety of Reconstruction, wanted over 50

How did Reconstruction end?

as each state met the requirements, president ulysses s grant gradually started withdrawing the federal troops that helped enforce reconstruction policies and protect freedmen's rights

life for african americans after the civil war economically

-african americans had a tough time finding work, food and other services so the Freedman's Bureau was created to help with that
-african americans would become tenant farmers which is entering labor contracts with their former owners

life for african americans after the civil war politically

-at first white southerners found ways around the amendments that freed african americans such as voting.
-15th amendment was passed to clarify that a state could not deny a citizens siffrage based on a persons race, color or previous condition of servitu

black codes

discriminatory laws passed in the post-war South to prevent African Americans from exercising civil and political rights

how did black codes get renamed to "jim crow" laws

jim crow was the name of character in a minstrel show. Minstrel shows were popular during that time, and they featured white actors in "black face," or black make-up. Because of this, the name Jim Crow represented the fact that Black Codes were based on r

economic

relating to how money, goods, and jobs are created, distributed and used

grandfather clause

a provision that allowed poor whites in the South to vote even if they failed the literacy test or could not pay the poll tax, and also stopped African Americans from voting as their grandfathers would not have voted prior to 1865

great migration

the mass movement of African Americans from the South to the North for jobs in industry during the early 1900s

jim crow laws

discriminatory laws passed mainly in Southern states to deny African Americans equal economic, political, and social treatment

ku klux klan

a secret organization that used terror to restore white supremacy to the South

literacy test

reading comprehension tests used to prevent African American voters from casting ballots

nadir

the lowest point, or bottom. The term was used to describe relations between Africans Americans and whites in the South in the period between 1877 and 1920

plessy v ferguson

an 1896 Supreme Court decision that ruled "separate but equal" facilities for blacks and whites did not violate the Constitution's "equal protection" clause

political

relating to the government or how a country, state or local area is run

poll taxes

an annual tax paid by those in the South who wished to vote; it was often used to disenfranchise black voters

social

relating to society and the way people interact with each other

assimilate

become part of a group by adopting the ways of that group and by being accepted by people in that group

battle of little big horn

the 1864 slaughter of over 150 inhabitants of a winter camp of Cheyenne and Arapaho

battle of wounded knee

the 1876 battle between the Lakota Sioux and the 7th Cavalry, led by George A. Custer, ending with the complete destruction of Custer's troops

dawes act

law designed to assimilate Native Americans by dividing up tribal reservation land and giving it to individuals who would become farmers

ghost dance movement

Native American religious movement in response to loss of their land and threat to their culture; based on a vision by a Paiute prophet who foresaw an apocalypse with Native Americans ruling the earth in its aftermath

homestead act of 1862

act of 1862 that opened up western lands by giving individual settlers 160 acres with the requirement that they live on the land for a period of time and make minimal improvements

indian schools

education system that forced Native American children from their home to day, boarding, and mission schools where they would be distanced from Native American culture and immersed in the dominant culture

push-pull factors

conditions which drive people from their own homes and/or pull them towards a new area

reservation

land reserved by the U.S government for the use of Native Americans

Sand Creek Massacre

the 1864 slaughter of over 150 inhabitants of a winter camp of Cheyenne and Arapaho

was the dawes act successful?

The act was designed to make independent farmers out of Native Americans by giving them land that was formerly part of their reservations. it was not really successful because it met resistance from Native Americans because they believed the land should b