Ethics (or moral philosophy)
The philosophical study of morality
Morality
Beliefs concerning right and wrong, good and bad; they can include judgments, rules, principles and theories
Descriptive Ethics
The scientific study of moral beliefs and practices
Normative Ethics
The Study of principles, rules or theories that guide our actions and judgments
Metaethics
The study of meaning and logical structure of moral beliefs
Applied Ethics
The application of moral norms to specific moral issues or cases, particularly those in a profession such as medicine or law
Instrumentally or Extrinsically valuable
Valuable as a means to something else
Intrinsically valuable
Valuable in itself, for its own sake
Moral Value
Value in the sense of morally good or bad (ex: "She is a good person")
Nonmoral Value
Value of things in a nonmoral way (ex: "That is a good brand of car, it is very dependable")
Principle of Universalizability
The idea that a moral statement that applies in one situation must apply in all other situations that are relevantly similar
Principle of Impartiality
From the moral point of view, all persons are considered equal and should be treated accordingly
Divine Command Theory
Right actions are those that are willed by God