Ethics
The philosophical study of morality.
Morality
Beliefs concerning right and wrong, good and bad; they can include judgments, rules, principles, and theories.
Descriptive Ethics
The scientific study of moral beliefs and practices.
Normative Ethics
The study of the principles, rules, or theories that guide our actions and judgments.
Metaethics
The study of the meaning and logical structure of moral beliefs.
Applied Ethics
The application of moral norms to specific moral issues or cases, particularly those in a profession such as medicine or law.
Instrumentally (extrinsically) valuable
Valuable as a means to something else. (Tools)
Intrinsically valuable
Valuable in and of itself, for its own sake.
Objectivism
The view that there are some universal moral standards.
Cultural Relativism
The view that an action is morally right if one's culture approves of it.
Subjective (individual) Relativism
The view that morality is a matter of personal belief.
Emotivism
Moral views are simply expressions of emotions or attitudes.