CACREP
This is an organization that sets standards for counselor preparation and accredits training programs that meet these standards
CACREP
This organization requires the curriculum for counselors in training to include studies that provide and understanding of professional functioning, such as history and philosophy of the profession, counselor roles and functions, credentialing, ethics, etc
NBCC
A voluntary organization that credentials counselors, also requires the counselors it certifies to complete course work in the area of professional orientation to counseling
Professional Orientation
Beyond external requirements, an important part of your professional development as a counselor is to acquire a firm grounding in the area of __________ __________
Professional Identity
One of the three main components of professional orientation; it includes understanding history and development of counseling and related professions, knowing professional roles and functions (and contrast/compare with other professions), being involved i
Ethics
One of the three main components of professional orientation; this involves becoming familiar with ethical standards for counselors, understanding ethical issues that counselors encounter, develop ethical reasoning and decision-making skills, and being ab
Counseling Law
One of the three main components of professional orientation; includes being able to distinguish among legal, ethical, and clinical issues; acquiring a basic knowledge of legal issues in counseling and laws that affect the practice of counseling; and know
Morals
The meaning in it's original Latin form means customs or norms. These actions are determined within a broad context of a culture or society. This involves PERSONAL BELIEF. This behavior is based on the values you espouse.
Values
This term is used more broadly to both the personal and professional functioning of counselors. These guide our choices and behaviors, and each of us holds some of these more strongly than others. These are influenced by upbringing, culture in which you l
Self-Awareness
What do you need to have in regards to your values when it comes to a counseling relationship?
ACA
This states clearly that counselors must avoid imposing their own personal values on clients
Professional Values
These include enhancing human development across lifespan, honoring diversity and embracing a multicultural approach, promoting social justice, safeguarding the integrity of the counselor-client relationship, and practicing competently and ethically (ACA
Ethics
A discipline within philosophy that is concerned with human conduct and moral decision making. Refers to conduct judged as good or right for counselors as a professional group
Law
This is different from morality or ethics; they are agreed-upon rules of a society that set forth the basic principles for living together as a group
Laws; Ethics
__________ are created by elected officials, enforced by police, and interpreted by judges. ___________ are created by members of the counseling profession and are interpreted and enforced by ethics committees and licensure and certification boards.
Minimum; Ethics
Laws dictate the __________ standards of behavior that society will tolerate, where as ___________ pertains to a wider range of professional functioning (occupies a middle ground between expected minimal behaviors and ideal standards)
Best Practice
This is the very best a counselor can be expected to do. Guidelines for this are intended to provide counselors with goals to which they can aspire, and are motivational, in contrast to ethics.
Intentionality
This is the base/first internal building block for professional practice
Principles and Virtues
These are the second internal building blocks of professional counseling. They represent two philosophies that provide the underpinnings for ethical reasoning
Moral Principles
Examples of this are respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice, fidelity, and veracity
Virtue Ethics
This focuses on the traits of character or dispositions that promote the human good
Knowledge
This is the third internal building block of professional practice. Plenty of resources to increase this
Self-Awareness
This is the fourth internal building block of professional practice. Best practice is achieved through much of this, because knowledge of ethical, legal and professional standards is not sufficient
Skills
This is the fifth internal building block of professional practice. These are the method by which you apply your knowledge
Courage of Convictions
This is the last internal building block of professional practice. It will take this to do what you believe is right, despite the cost being high to yourself, or disagreement with other professionals
Ethical Absolutism
This theory states that there are some moral standards that are universally applicable
Ethical Relativism
This theory states that no absolute moral standards exist that can be universally applied; if members of a culture believe something is right, then it is
Utilitarianism Thought
This thought argues that people should choose the act that will do the greatest good for the greatest number. An act is evaluated by its consequences
Deontology
This thought argues that an action is justified by its being inherently right, not by its consequences. What makes an action right is the principle that guides it
Egoism
The term used to describe actions taken out of self-interest
Altruism
The term used to describe actions taken to benefit others
Ethical; Legal
The __________ perspective is focused more on the welfare and protection of the client, whereas the ____________ perspective is focused more on the protecting the counselor
Relational Ethics
The ethic of care, called ____________ ____________, is based on the recognition that human beings exist in relationship and connection with one another
Principle Ethics
Founded on moral principles, which are agreed-upon assumptions or beliefs about ideals that are shared by members of the helping professions
Reparation
Duty to make up for a wrong
Virtue Ethics
This assumes that professional ethics involve more than just moral actions, they also involve traits of character or virtue; who you are, not what you do
Virtues
Examples of this are integrity, discernment, acceptance of emotion, self-awareness, interdependence with the community
Mandatory Ethics
Professionals who operate under this function at a level of ethical reasoning that merely keeps them in compliance with minimal standards (fear-based ethics) to avoid lawsuits, complaints, or getting in trouble
Aspirational Ethics
A term that describes the highest standards of conduct to which counselors can aspire (concern-based ethics). Not only do they look outward to established standards , but also look inward and ask themselves whether what they are doing is best for their cl
Subjectivity
The goal of ethical decision making is to minimize this
Social Constructivism
This purports that a person cannot know reality through individual contemplation because reality does not exist as an objective fact. Ethical decisions are not made in the mind of the decision-maker but with others that involve negotiating and consensuali
Specialized Model
Kind of ethical decision-making model that are focused on counseling specific populations or on particular ethical issues
Tips for Ethical Decision-Making
Identify and define the problem, involve your client in the decision-making process, review relevant codes of ethics and professional literature, consider the principles and virtues, tune into your feelings, consult with colleagues or experts, consider th
Self-Tests
These are tests you take after you have resolved an ethical dilemma, such as test of justice, test of universality, test of publicity, test of reversibility, the mentor test, test for moral traces.