Law &Ethics Ch 11 Review

Define genetics

The science that accounts for natural differences and resemblances among organisms related by descent

Define DNA

The combination of proteins, called nucleotides, that is arranged to make up an organisms chromosomes

Heredity is best defined as

The process by which organisms pass genetic traits on to their offspring

What is genome?

All DNA in an organism, including it's genes

Name two goals of the Human Genome Project

1) Map the location of each gene in all 46 chromosomes
2) Create a data bank of the information

Susan's father developed Huntingtons disease when she was 28. She is healthy, but wants to be tested to see if she has the gene to develop the disease. What type of genetic testing will she have?

Predictive testing

A permanent change in DNA is called

Mutation

A test performed to determine if harmful genes are present in a fetus is called

Amniocentesis

In which of the following situations might DNA testing be indicated?

All of these

Genetic discrimination is best described as

Differential treatment of individuals based on their actual or presumed genetic differences

An experimental treatment for hereditary diseases

Gene therapy

The process that produced Dolly the sheep

Cloning

Specialized cells considered most valuable for purposes of genetic manipulation

Multipotent

Those specialized cells that can become almost any kind of cell

Pluripotent

Those cells that can become only one type of body cell

Stem cells

Artificial insemination may be an acceptable remedy for

Infertility

Which of the following best defines in vitro fertilization?

Fertilization taking place outside a woman's body

Which of the following best defines surrogacy?

A woman bears a child for another woman

The government serves as a child's parent

Parens patriae

The common standard when the government makes decisions for minor children

Best interest of the child

Federal regulations concerning newborns who are severely disabled take their authority from which federal regulation?

Child Abuse Amendment

State laws that allow a parent to abandon newborns to designated safe locations

Safe haven laws

In the past, these laws have dictated that parents have a right to decide what medical care children receive

Common law

In most states, which of the following age groups can receive some type of medical care without parental permission?

Mature minors

Minors may be declared emancipated only if they

Receive parental permission to request emancipation

Once declared emancipated, a minor can lose that status of he or she

None of these

A physician or other health care practitioners who treats a minor in a nonemergency situation, without parental consent, risk being charged with

Assault and or battery